#interferon

'Human inborn errors of the type I IFN response pathway and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-α, -β, and/or -ω can underlie severe viral illnesses. We report a simple assay for the detection of both types of condition.'

#Immunology #Immunosky #interferon

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2402983121

Im #Alter erhöht sich die Anfälligkeit für #Infektionen. Das kann auch daran liegen, dass der #Körper Autoantikörper gegen den wichtigen Immunbotenstoff #Interferon bildet. Was das bedeutet und wie wir uns schützen können: #covid #viren @UlrikeGebhardt https://www.riffreporter.de/de/wissen/erhoehte-infektanfaelligkeit-alter-immunabwehr-autoantikoerper-interferon-viren

Human #SARSCoV2 challenge uncovers local and systemic response dynamics | Nature https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-024-07575-x “observed that the #interferon response in blood preceded the nasopharyngeal response. Moreover, #nasopharyngeal immune infiltration occurred early in samples from individuals with only transient infection and later in samples from individuals with sustained infection. High expression of #HLADQA2 before inoculation was associated with preventing sustained infection” #COVID

'Here we examine the contribution of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) signaling on IFNλ-mediated antiviral activity. We find that extracellular-signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5), a poorly characterized member of the conventional MAPK family, potentiates the antiviral efficacy of IFNλ.'
#Preprint #Immunology #InnateImmunity #Interferon

https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2024.05.21.595218v1

"Repurposing generic medicine has the potential to bring new treatments for infectious diseases to patients efficiently and equitably. In this study, we found that intranasal delivery of neomycin, a generic aminoglycoside antibiotic, induces the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the nasal mucosa that is independent of the commensal microbiota."
Mao, Akiko Iwasaki et al
#Immunology #Interferon

https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2319566121

How much we still don’t understand about our immune system… COVID-19 researchers discover hidden natural immune defence pathway

They detected 10 new compounds made by the body in response to the SARS Cov-2 virus.

VIPERIN—short for virus inhibitory protein, endoplasmic reticulum-associated, interferon-inducible—is a multifunctional, interferon-inducible protein that regulates virus replication.

#interferon #VIPERIN

https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.jproteome.3c00654

https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-02-covid-hidden-natural-immune-defense.html

Body's Interferon kills viruses:

ROGER SEHEULT, MD @ROGERSEHEULT • FEB 9, 2024

Things that increase it

1) Sunlight
https://sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227619306635

2) Plant-based diet:
https://nature.com/articles/s41591-023-02761-2

3) Hydrotherapy
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3132509/

4) Garlic
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17523869/

Things that decrease it

1) Tylenol
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20544007/

2) Ivermectin
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9823263/

#Interferon #viruses

from "These nettles are renowned for inflicting extremely painful stings that are characterized by acute electric shocklike, piercing, pricking and burning sensations lasting for many hours, followed by intermittent painful flares and allodynia that persists for days or even weeks."

Similarities to other types of neuropathic pain, including small fiber neuropathy and Long Covid associated neuropathy.

~

"These results provide important insights into the function of NaV channels in sensory neurons, identify TMEM233 as a previously unknown NaV1.7interacting protein, and describe the dispanins as bifunctional proteins that cause allosteric changes in channel gating upon binding of pain causing venom peptides."

~

Not finding much on TMEM233. Some dispanins are interferon activated.

review article from 2012:
- The Dispanins: A Novel Gene Family of Ancient Origin That Contains 14 Human Members
https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0031961

"The IFITM1–3 proteins were identified 25 years ago as being upregulated by interferons (IFN) [6]. Recently they received considerable attentions as IFITM1–3 were found to prevent infection of a growing list of viruses such as HIV-1, SARS influenza A H1N1, West Nile and Dengue fever viruses [7], [8], [9], [10]. Hence, proteins of the IFITM family mediate part of the antiviral response orchestrated by IFNs. However, the IFITM family is also involved in other processes such as oncogenesis, bone mineralization (IFITM5) and germ cell development (IFITM1 and 3) and IFITM5 has not been identified as interferon-inducible [11], [12], [13], [14]. Although the biological roles of the IFITM genes are emerging, no thorough evolutionary analysis has been performed on this group.

In this study, we sought to infer the evolutionary history of the human IFITM genes and identify potential homologues. We mined 36 eukaryotic species, covering all major eukaryotic groups, and found that the IFITMs form a subfamily in a larger novel family that has ten human members in addition to the four IFITM genes. We propose Dispanins as a novel name for this family, which refers to their common 2TM structure. "

#TMEM233 #dispanins #IFITM #interferon #Pain #neuropathy

#innateimmunity in action: #immunotherapy against #breastcancer with TLR3 ligand and interferon alpha. Only six patients in this #trial , but biopsy analyses show improved #inmuneinfiltration with #TILs and is linked to clinical observations. #interferon #cytokines #macrophages @chfloudas
https://jitc.bmj.com/content/11/11/e007381

Always been curious how different interferons that signal through same receptor can have different functional effect. Here's a paper that shows how:
#interferon #immunology #receptor #receptors #Signalling https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scisignal.adf5494

Researchers found that #interferon-gamma signaling caused hyperactivation of ERK in human #melanoma cell lines. The #ERK protein, when hyperactive, causes stress in the #cell, and this stress ultimately leads to cell death through specific proteins called #DR5 and #NOXA
#Cancer #Medical #sflorg
https://www.sflorg.com/2023/10/med10102301.html

Now I cant stop singing "more than a spike gene" to the tune of the BeeGees (protein didnt fit the meter).

'We assessed the role of ORF6 during infection using recombinant viruses carrying a deletion or loss-of-function (LoF) mutation in ORF6. ORF6 plays key roles in interferon antagonism and viral pathogenesis by interfering with nuclear import and specifically the translocation of IRF and STAT transcription factors.'
#Covid #Covid19 #SarsCov2 #Interferon #Virology #Immunology #InnateImmunity

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1931312823003281

Aging Brain: Is Misplaced DNA to Blame?
https://www.science.org/content/blog-post/aging-brain-misplaced-dna-blame
Discussion: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37169226

Comment: aging is ubiquitous, stochastic, multifactorial, physiochemical, innate (cell/molecular biology), with environmental factors. Intimately related to disease, including cancer.
That said, any insight contributes to understanding. ️

#ageing #aging #DNA #CystolicDNA #neurodegeneration #CellularSignaling #cGAS_STING #interferon #autoimmunity #lupus

Finally, it’s out! I must say, I am really, really fond of this paper– if you are into #innateimmunity, the #antiviralresponse and #interferon, I think you may enjoy reading it:

https://www.life-science-alliance.org/content/6/10/e202302059

Nothing spectacularly new, but very comprehensive characterization of the #RIGI and #IFN pathway!

Some evidence type I IFN being beneficial in airway infections.

But lots of caveats, context-specific issues, mouse models, etc....
#IFN #Interferon #bacteria #infection #MAIT #immunology #Science @JExpMed
https://rupress.org/jem/article/220/10/e20230037/276132/Type-I-interferons-drive-MAIT-cell-functions?guestAccessKey=9a754261-0c2a-4913-b3b7-d98c2395c025&utm_source=NewJournalContent%27&%27utm_campaign%27=%27JEM%27&%27utm_medium%27=%27Email&nbd=28080031447&nbd_source=campaigner&_ccCt=g843-2pnqf6-cox1lz-cwe4ixj5

'Here, we used CRISPR-based loss-of-function screens to identify a markedly limited set of ISGs that confer interferon-mediated suppression of a model alphavirus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV). We show via combinatorial gene targeting that three antiviral effectors—ZAP, IFIT3, and IFIT1—together constitute the majority of interferon-mediated restriction of VEEV, while accounting for < 0.5% of the interferon-induced transcriptome.'

#Immunology #Virology #Interferon

https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embr.202356901

Issue 14:
Highlight on #ROR1 and #pancreatic #malignancy

Review on viral recognition and #antiviral #interferon response

#Autophagy news from plants and mammals
How #p97 disassembles a regulatory protein complex
Developmental #axon pruning by a #phospholipid #scramblase

Cover: Elisa Nerli, Caren Norden and colleagues

https://www.embopress.org/toc/14602075/2023/42/14

New review by Rune Hartmann and colleagues:
Viral recognition and the #antiviral #interferon response
https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2022112907

“A new study published in the U.S. Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Diseases journal found an immune system biomarker in the blood was higher in people with chronic #Lyme disease symptoms, even after they were treated with antibiotics.

That means the long-term symptoms in patients with high levels of the biomarker, called #interferon-alpha, may not be due to an ongoing infection, but instead may be due to the body's immune response causing chronic inflammation”

"Our investigation reveals that the fetal HSCs respond to T. gondii infection with virulence-dependent changes in proliferation, self-renewal potential, and lineage output. Furthermore, maternal IFNγ crosses the fetal–maternal interface, where it is perceived by fetal HSCs."

#Immunology #Interferon #Toxoplasma

https://www.embopress.org/doi/full/10.15252/embj.2022112693