PLOS Biology

How do diverse synapses in the brain organize their nanoarchitecture? This study uses #nanobodies & STED imaging to study the nanoarchitecture of thalamocortical & corticocortical #synapses, revealing distinct principles of synaptic nano-organization in the brain @PLOSBiology plos.io/3FY4vcd

Albert Cardona

Role of axo-axonic synapses among olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) in odor decorrelation, mediated by metabotropic acetylcholine receptors:

"Nonlinear high-activity neuronal excitation enhances odor discrimination", Julia E. Manoim-Wolkovitz et al. 2025
cell.com/current-biology/fullt

#neuroscience #Drosophila #AxoAxonicSynapses #synapses #olfaction

Albert Cardona

"The first synapse was visualized using electron microscopy in the mid–1950s, although parallel work and delicate egos make it difficult to determine with certainty the first researcher to actually see one." – Alexandra Balwit asimov.press/p/barcoding-brain

Neuroscientists are human after all.

#neuroscience #synapses #ElectronMicroscopy

Albert Cardona

Synapses in the fly brain learning and memory centre, the mushroom body:

"Quantitative characterization of the pattern of Brp clusters across multiple individuals revealed cell-type-dependent synapse heterogeneity and stereotypy. Furthermore, we discovered previously unidentified sub-compartmental synapse configuration and its regulation by cAMP signaling."

From:
"High-throughput synapse profiling reveals cell-type-specific spatial configurations in the fly brain", by Wu et al. (Tanimoto lab) 2025
biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

#neuroscience #Drosophila #MushroomBody #synapses

High-throughput synapse profiling reveals cell-type-specific spatial configurations in the fly brain

Characterization of intracellular synapse heterogeneity…

bioRxiv
Charité Berlin

❓ Why do we learn in our #sleep?

❗ A team from #CharitéBerlin finally has a possible explanation: The slow brain waves typical of deep sleep strengthen the connections between human nerve cells, making the #brain especially receptive to information. The details:

👉 charite.de/en/service/press_re

#medicine #research #science #ScienceMastodon #MedMastodon #CharitéNeuro #CharitéPaper #neuroscience #synapses #SlowWaves

PLOS Biology

Does neuronal information storage involve nanoscopic structural changes at #synapses? @olenas_kim &co use nanophysiology & functional EM to reveal structural changes of #hippocampal #ActiveZones during chemical potentiation @ISTAustria #PLOSBiology plos.io/3V22v7h

PLOS Biology

Protein translocation at active #synapses. @jaimedejuan & @carlitosroca7 present a method for quantifying translocation of endogenous neuronal proteins to the synaptic surface, visualizing translocation of proteins when #neurons are firing #PLOSBiology plos.io/3UsNtqK

Andrew Plested

Pictures of AMPA receptors at synapses from Axel Brunger's lab. By averaging a lot of tomogram images, they could discern scaffolding molecules bound to the complexes.

These in situ images are lower resolution than purified protein, but retain the native organization and place the receptors somewhat at the side of vesicular docking sites.

biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/20

#synapses #neuroscience #CellularStructuralBiology #Receptors

Albert Cardona

Turns out the postsynaptic densities (PSD) that we use in electron microscopy to identify synapses aren’t made of large protein aggregates but rather of specialised cellular organelles:

“we combined mouse genetics and cryo-electron tomography to determine the 3D molecular architecture of fresh isolated and anatomically intact synapses in the adult forebrain. The native glutamatergic synapse did not consistently show a high density of proteins at the postsynaptic membrane thought to be characteristic of the PSD. Instead, a ‘synaptoplasm’ consisting of cytoskeletal elements, macromolecular complexes and membrane-bound organelles extended throughout the pre- and post-synaptic compartments.”

Excellent work by Julia Peukes et al. 2024 elifesciences.org/reviewed-pre

#neuroscience #synapses #CryoEM #CryoCLEM

The molecular infrastructure of glutamatergic synapses in the mammalian forebrain

elifesciences.org
Oct 07, 2024, 19:51 · · · 3 · 0
Albert Cardona

"Homeostatic synaptic normalization optimizes learning in network models of neural population codes", Mayzel and Schneidman, 2024.
elifesciences.org/reviewed-pre

From the assessment:

"... an important contribution to the development of a biologically plausible theory of statistical modeling of spiking activity. The authors convincingly implemented the statistical inference of input likelihood in a simple neural circuit, demonstrating the relationship between synaptic homeostasis, neural representations, and computational accuracy."

#neuroscience #CompNeurosci #synapses

Moritz Negwer

"Long-term microglia depletion using colony-stimulating-factor-1 receptor (CSF1-R) inhibitor PLX5622 resulted in increased overall spine density, especially of mushroom spines, and increased excitatory postsynaptic current amplitudes."
Repopulated microglia after pharmacological depletion decrease dendritic spine density in adult mouse brain
Wickel et al., Glia 2024
doi.org/10.1002/glia.24541

#neuroscience #microglia #synapses

katch wreck

"The central-pattern-generating network consists of motoneurons interconnected by electrical synapses that, in contrast to doctrine, produce network activity splayed out in time instead of synchronized across neurons. Experimental and mathematical evidence support a generic mechanism for #network desynchronization that relies on weak electrical #synapses and specific excitability #dynamics of the coupled #neurons."

nature.com/articles/s41586-023