Recent research has shown that a particular algae has recently merged with a cyanobacteria (effectively making it an organelle) to allow it to fix nitrogen. This transition from endosymbiosis to organelle has happened notably a few times in evolutionarily history: 2.2 billion years ago a single-celled organism swallowed up a bacterium that became mitochondria and later some cells absorbed cyanobacteria, resulting in chloroplasts.

Scientists have found the smallest example of a biological self-similar fractal in a well-known cyanobacteria. The asymmetric assembly of a particular enzyme used in the Krebs cycle in this bacteria forms a Sierpiński triangle (aka a repeating triforce, to Zelda fans). Cool!

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