@thor In fairness the complexity of Jazz increased over time. Modern Jazz is likely a new area of Music Theory. It's like trying to read obfuscated C when reading the music but it doesn't sound like it looks like it would sound.
Perhaps they think in relations and can know what notes to play next when improvising. Perhaps like a scale but only when viewed in the abstract. The mapping and desired feeling are like a scale to them but far more sophisticated.
They could also just be full of it.