For ATACMS strikes: ISW analysts found 250 important targets in Russia.

Strikes by the Armed Forces of Ukraine with long-range weapons on Russian military targets in the rear of Russia are crucial for reducing Russian military capabilities at the front. In particular, the lifting of restrictions on Ukraine's use of Western weapons will allow the Armed Forces of Ukraine to strike at a wide range of important targets.

"ISW estimates that Russia has at least 250 military and paramilitary facilities within range of the ATACMS missiles that the United States has provided to Ukraine. Only 17 of these 250 facilities are airfields, and it is unlikely that the Russian military has transferred assets from all the other 233 facilities," the analysts write.

Among these facilities are large military bases, communication stations, logistics centers, repair shops, fuel depots, ammunition depots and permanent headquarters, from which it is extremely difficult or impossible to quickly transfer assets or quickly strengthen them.

"These facilities support Russian command and control, intelligence, reconnaissance, and provide logistical and repair support to Russian troops fighting in Ukraine and in the Kursk region. Thus, claims that there is no benefit in enabling Ukraine to use ATACMS in Russia, without taking into account hundreds of other facilities supporting Russia's war against Ukraine, will be incomplete, and thus incorrect," the analysts said.

Russian forces have to strengthened all facilities in Russia against potential Ukrainian strikes or dispersed assets throughout the deep rear.

"Russian forces will likely have to redeploy air and electronic warfare assets from across Russia, as well as from the front lines in Ukraine, to provide the necessary coverage for rear areas in Russia within the reach of Western-supplied weapons, possibly creating the conditions for Ukraine to expand its own air operations along the front line," the ISW added.