Transparent peer review, steampunk version:

"In the early nineteenth century, French journals such as the Annals de Chimie sometimes included essays evaluating recent papers released by the Academie des Sciences. In 1831, inspired by those French essays, the English polymath William Whewell (1794–1866) made a proposal to his fellow members of the Royal Society of London: that papers submitted to the Philosophical Transactions should be sent to two Fellows, who would then write a report about the paper. The signed report would be published in the Royal Society’s new journal, the Proceedings of the Royal Society of London."

https://ethos.lps.library.cmu.edu/article/id/19/