@doenietzomoeilijk Classic news readers - and mail clients - would build the tree from metadata in the posts (Message-ID: and References: on Usenet, maybe with the Subject as a fallback). Not sure how ActivityPub handles this, but I think it seemed quite similar in principle.
@freemo @humanetech @galaxis @tindall I recall a Usenet client having such an overview at the top of your post, a bit like the branches in a git repository - although it's been decades, so I might slightly misremember.
Actually, a git-like view might work quite well to give you an idea of where you are in the convo. It'd be a client-side thing, though.