No, 97% of people on Spain’s minimum basic income are not migrants
Ahead of the EU and UK elections, commentators and social media users are making factually incorrect claims about immigration in Europe.
Migration is typically a hot topic in any election campaign and is often fuel for inflammatory debates and false claims.
Whether they’re about benefits or immigration rates, the allegations are usually provocative and simply wrong.
Take this example from Spain:
This post on Facebook says that almost 97% of people on Spain’s minimum basic income are immigrants.
The minimum basic income is a social security benefit that provides a basic wage to the economically vulnerable. It can range from about €600 to €1,400 a month, depending on the beneficiary’s living conditions.
But the Facebook post is wrong for a couple of reasons.
Firstly, it says that it’s the Ministry of Labour that pays out the minimum basic income when it’s actually the Ministry of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration.
But more importantly, it’s wrong because according to the inclusion ministry’s official data for April, 82.4% of beneficiaries held Spanish nationality, while only 17.6% were foreigners.
The post also incorrectly estimates the number of people receiving the minimum basic income: in reality, the benefit was paid to some 600.000 homes, in which almost 1.8 million people live.
Elsewhere on the continent, a clip by Dutch far-right activist Eva Vlaardingerbroek alleges that most of the populations of Amsterdam, Brussels and London are immigrants.
She also says that the (completely baseless) “great replacement theory” is a reality rather than a far-right conjecture meant to imply that Europe’s white population is being supplanted by immigrants from elsewhere.
All of this is incorrect.
Official numbers from the Dutch statistics office reveal that only 37% of Amsterdam’s population was born outside the Netherlands.
Figures from Belgium’s statistics agency put the number of Brussels residents born outside the country at 48%.
And in London, a 2021 census revealed that 41% of the capital’s population wasn’t born in the UK, according to the Office for National Statistics.
And this - of course - includes immigrants from the EU.
Furthermore, simply being born elsewhere is no indicator of background, and it can’t be used to demonstrate an otherwise unprovable hypothesis.
While it’s true that immigration is an important issue and it’s valid to have concerns about how it’s handled, it’s crucial to make sure any claims about it are based in fact.
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