Methodology for Capacity Credit Evaluation of Physical and Virtual Energy Storage in Decarbonized Power SystemEnergy storage (ES) and virtual energy storage (VES) are key components to
realizing power system decarbonization. Although ES and VES have been proven to
deliver various types of grid services, little work has so far provided a
systematical framework for quantifying their adequacy contribution and credible
capacity value while incorporating human and market behavior. Therefore, this
manuscript proposed a novel evaluation framework to evaluate the capacity
credit (CC) of ES and VES. To address the system capacity inadequacy and market
behavior of storage, a two-stage coordinated dispatch is proposed to achieve
the trade-off between day-ahead self-energy management of resources and
efficient adjustment to real-time failures. And we further modeled the human
behavior with storage operations and incorporate two types of
decision-independent uncertainties (DIUs) (operate state and self-consumption)
and one type of decision-dependent uncertainty (DDUs) (available capacity) into
the proposed dispatch. Furthermore, novel reliability and CC indices (e.g.,
equivalent physical storage capacity (EPSC)) are introduced to evaluate the
practical and theoretical adequacy contribution of ES and VES, as well as the
ability to displace generation and physical storage while maintaining
equivalent system adequacy. Exhaustive case studies based on the IEEE RTS-79
system and real-world data verify the significant consequence (10%-70%
overestimated CC) of overlooking DIUs and DDUs in the previous works, while the
proposed method outperforms other and can generate a credible and realistic
result. Finally, we investigate key factors affecting the adequacy contribution
of ES and VES, and reasonable suggestions are provided for better flexibility
utilization of ES and VES in decarbonized power system.
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