In this paper, we investigate non-abelian extensions and inducibility of pairs of automorphisms of Lie triple systems. First, we introduce non-abelian cohomology groups and classify the non-abelian extensions in terms of non-abelian cohomology groups. Next, we characterize the non-abelian extensions using Maurer-Cartan elements. Furthermore, we explore the inducibility of pairs of automorphisms and derive the analog Wells exact sequences under the circumstance of Lie triple systems. Finally, we state the previous results under the context of abelian extensions of Lie triple systems.