This is not an aspect of NY that I am thrilled Lisbon is copying so well:

"Still, even before the pandemic there was a steady if not huge flow of people out of New York. Why were they leaving? It probably wasn’t crime, although perceptions can be at odds with reality. It probably also wasn’t taxes; I’ll get there in a minute. The biggest factor, almost surely, was and is the cost of housing."

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/04/24/opinion/new-york-city-affordability-housing.html