@eob I don't think vanilla Mastodon has much in the way of anti-spam tooling. The option of a text Question + Answer Captcha set by the admin would probably be an improvement over what it has.
I'm not sure about fediverse spam, however generally, spam often came from compromised machines in the past (or other situations where simply blocking IPs could lead to legitimate users also being hit).
@olives I'm not an administrator, but based on the replies in the PR and here, it does seem like blocking IPs is something that administrators depend on for spam protection
It may be, as you suggest, we need better spam protection by other means, such a captchas
But sometimes more nuanced anti-spam also wants IP addresses
For example only suspicious IPs might get a captcha, or data from suspicious iPs could be dropped from analytics to avoid polluting the analytics