i think this is a pretty good video and also a good summary of how i feel about "AI water use problem" https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H_c6MWk7PQc
You can have a closed loop that exchanges heat with an open loop. This PR video doesn't explicitly say that, but shows the evaporation setup: https://youtu.be/th6jVeaMyxo?t=90 (it also mentions using sea as a heatsink when available).