“While disgust at #corruption has played a role, the political strains of today [in #Spain] owe more to the slump and the emergence of rival #populisms in the form of #Catalan nationalism, #Podemos (with its mixture of Leninism and Peronism) and #Vox.”
https://www.economist.com/books-and-arts/2020/06/20/a-historian-sets-out-to-explain-spains-tumultuous-past