I was thinking Xenomorph (from Alien series), but I am sure there are insects that live inside other organisms in a similar way, not sure if any exit their host and kill their host in the process, Probably, then again that set up may have been the inspiration for the Xenomorph in the first place.
@zleap @michael_w_busch Parasitoids. There are lots of wasps that do that to spiders and other insects.
Thanks for this, I have just looked it up https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasitoid_wasp.