When I think about how the old, good internet turned into the #enshitternet, I imagine a series of small compromises, each seemingly reasonable at the time, each contributing to a cultural norm of making good things worse, and worse, and worse.

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If you'd like an essay-formatted version of this thread to read or share, here's a link to it on pluralistic.net, my surveillance-free, ad-free, tracker-free blog:

pluralistic.net/2023/10/03/not

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Think of #Unity President #MarcWhitten's nonpology for his rug-pull, when they decided that everyone who'd paid good money to use their tool to make a game would have to *keep* paying, every time someone downloaded that game:

> The most fundamental thing that we’re trying to do is we’re building a sustainable business for Unity. And for us, that means that we do need to have a model that includes some sort of balancing change, including shared success.

wired.com/story/unity-walks-ba

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"Shared success" is code for, "If you use our tool to make money, we should make money too." This is bullshit. It's like saying, "We just want to find a way to share the success of the painters who use our brushes, so every time you sell a painting, we want to tax that sale." Or "Every time you sell a house, the company that made the hammer gets to wet its beak."

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And note that they're not talking about shared *risk* here - no one at Unity is saying, "If you try to make a game with our tools and you lose a million bucks, we're on the hook for ten percent of your losses." This isn't partnership, it's extortion.

How did a company like Unity - which became a market leader by making a tool that understood the needs of game developers and filled them - turn into a protection racket?

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One bad decision at a time. One rationalization and then another. Slowly, and then all at once.

When I think about this #enshittification curve, I often think of Google, a company that had its users' backs for years, which created a genuinely innovative search engine that worked so well it seemed like *magic, a company whose employees often had their pick of jobs, but chose the "don't be evil" gig because that mattered to them.

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People make fun of that "don't be evil" motto, but if your key employees took the gig because they didn't want to be evil, and then you ask them to be evil, they might just quit. Hell, they might make a stink on the way out the door, too:

theintercept.com/2018/09/13/go

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Google is a company whose founders started out by publishing a scientific paper describing their search methodology, in which they said, "Oh, and by the way, ads will inevitably turn your search engine into a pile of shit, so we're gonna stay the fuck away from them":

infolab.stanford.edu/pub/paper

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Those same founders retained a controlling interest in the company after it went IPO, explaining to investors that they were going to run the business without having their elbows jostled by shortsighted Wall Street assholes, so they could keep it from turning into a pile of shit:

abc.xyz/investor/founders-lett

And yet, it's turned into a pile of shit. Google search is so bad you might as well ask Jeeves.

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The company's big plan to fix it? Replace links to webpages with florid paragraphs of chatbot nonsense filled with a supremely confident lies:

pluralistic.net/2023/05/14/goo

How did the company get this bad? In part, this is the "curse of bigness." The company can't grow by attracting new users. When you have 90%+ of the market, there are no new customers to sign up.

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Hypothetically, they could grow by going into new lines of business, but Google is incapable of making a successful product in-house and also kills most of the products it buys from other, more innovative companies:

killedbygoogle.com/

Theoretically, the company could pursue new lines of business in-house, and indeed, the current leaders of companies like Amazon, Microsoft and Apple are all execs who figured out how to get the whole company to do something new.

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They were elevated to the CEO's office, making each one a billionaire and sealing their place in history.

It is for this very reason that any exec at a large firm who tries to make a business-wide improvement gets immediately and repeatedly knifed by all their colleagues, who correctly reason that if someone *else* becomes CEO, then *they* won't become CEO. Machiavelli was an optimist:

pluralistic.net/2023/07/28/mic

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With no growth from new customers, and no growth from new businesses, "growth" has to come from squeezing workers (say, laying off 12,000 engineers after a stock buyback that would have paid their salaries for the next 27 years), or business customers (say, by colluding with Facebook to rig the ad market with the Jedi Blue conspiracy), or end-users.

Now, in theory, we might never know exactly what led to the enshittification of Google.

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In theory, all of compromises, debates and plots could be lost to history. But tech is not an oral culture, it's a *written* one, and techies write *everything* down and nothing is ever truly deleted.

Time and again, Big Tech tells on itself. Think of #FTX's main conspirators all hanging out in a group chat called "Wirefraud."

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Amazon naming its program targeting weak, small publishers the "Gazelle Project" ("approach these small publishers the way a cheetah would pursue a sickly gazelle”). Amazon documenting the fact that users were unknowingly signing up for Prime and getting pissed; then figuring out how to reduce accidental signups, then deciding not to do it because it liked the money too much.

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Think of Zuck emailing his CFO in the middle of the night to defend his outsized offer to buy Instagram on the basis that users like Insta better and Facebook couldn't compete with them on quality.

It's like every Big Tech schemer has a folder on their desktop called "Mens Rea" filled with files like "Copy_of_Premeditated_Murder.docx":

doctorow.medium.com/big-tech-c

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Right now, Google's on trial for its sins against #antitrust law. It's a hard case to make. To secure a win, the prosecutors at the #DOJ #AntitrustDivision are going to have to prove what was going on in Google execs' minds when the took the actions that led to the company's dominance. They're going to have to show that the company deliberately undertook to harm its users and customers.

Of course, it helps that Google put it all in writing.

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Last week, there was a huge kerfuffile over the DoJ's practice of posting its exhibits from the trial to a website each night. This is a totally normal thing to do - a practice that dates back to the Microsoft antitrust trial. But Google pitched a tantrum over this and said that the docs the DoJ were posting would be turned into "clickbait."

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Which is another way of saying, "the public would find these documents very interesting, and they would be damning to us and our case":

bigtechontrial.com/p/secrecy-i

After initially deferring to Google, #JudgeAmitMehta finally gave the Justice Department the greenlight to post the document. It's up. It's *wild*:

justice.gov/d9/2023-09/416692.

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The document is described as "notes for a course on communication" that Google VP for Finance #MichaelRoszak prepared. Roszak says he can't remember whether he ever gave the presentation, but insists that the remit for the course required him to tell students "things I didn't believe," and that's why the document is "full of hyperbole and exaggeration."

OK.

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But here's what the document says: "search advertising is one of the world's greatest business models ever created...illicit businesses (cigarettes or drugs) could rival these economics...[W]e can mostly ignore the demand side...(users and queries) and only focus on the supply side of advertisers, ad formats and sales."

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It goes on to say that this might change, and proposes a way to balance the interests of the search and ads teams, which are at odds, with search worrying ads are pushing them to produce "unnatural search experiences to chase revenue."

"Unnatural search experiences to chase revenue" is a thinly veiled euphemism for the prophetic warnings in that 1998 #Pagerank paper: "The goals of the advertising business model do not always correspond to providing quality search to users."

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Or, more plainly, "ads will turn our search engine into a pile of shit."

And, as Roszak writes, Google is "able to ignore one of the fundamental laws of economics...supply and demand." That is, the company has become so dominant and cemented its position so thoroughly as the default search engine across every platforms and system that even if it makes its search terrible to goose revenues, users won't leave.

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@pluralistic

"The company has become so dominant and cemented its position so thoroughly as the default search engine across every platforms and system..."

It isn't, though? Aren't most things besides phones still systems, where the defaults are and ? I know on my Windows laptop (an ASUS), where the only thing I've intentionally used Edge for is to install , the OS itself still opens things in Edge and sends queries to Bing even though I'd rather it didn't.

doesn't seem to be the default search anything like everywhere?

(Disclaimer: I work for Google, but not in Ads or Search, and I'm not much of a cheerleader. But in this case the anti-Google claim seems just flatly mistaken?)

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@ceoln @pluralistic I came here because of you using #Windows. And after reading the thread you have replied to and that really seems to have struck a chord in you, I really would like you to not say "But what about Microsoft?!" but instead take a closer look at the question if Google really is a company you should and want to work for.

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@fennek

Oh, I look at that question regularly. I am not saying "what about Microsoft?" here, though; I'm just suggesting that Google is in fact not the default search engine everywhere, or even on all popular platforms. It's possible for Google to be problematic, and at the same time for not all possible criticism of it to be true. :)

@pluralistic

@ceoln @pluralistic

I'm sure Mr Doctorow has taken note of your unbiased opinion and understands that the one example of your personal laptop defeats his whole argument.

There certainly can be no such thing as a device using a search engine that is not running Windows or we would have heard of them already.

😒

@axnxcamr

Such vehemence! Am I actually wrong, though? Is it not the case that most consumer PCs default to Bing, and that therefore Google is nowhere close to being the default search engine on every (or even every common) platform? If I'm wrong I'm happy to be corrected.

@pluralistic

@axnxcamr

"Pas d'insultes. This ain't Twitter." :)

@ceoln

I see no insult in what I wrote.

Just don't be surprised if people don't like you for working and defending a company that we are learning day after day how toxic and dishonest it is.

@axnxcamr

So, I'm not wrong, and you just wanted to express personal dislike? Fair enough.

@ceoln

en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usage_

"As of April 2023, Android, an operating system using the Linux kernel, is the world's most-used operating system when judged by web use. It has 42% of the global market, followed by Windows with 28%, iOS with 17%, macOS with 7%, ChromeOS 1.3%, and desktop Linux at 1.2% (also using the Linux kernel). These numbers do not include embedded devices or game consoles."

Google is the default for Android, MacOS, iOS and ChromeOS. That's over 67%.

You are wrong.

@axnxcamr

67% is not remotely "every platform and system".

@ceoln

Ok, if you so want to be right about that very aspect of the argument, go ahead, claim victory.

There are 30 something posts in this thread, all pointing out how shitty your employer is. I can live with 30 something minus one.

You still work for and defend a shit company. I don't see how I should be the one feeling bad coming out of this conversation.

@pluralistic

@axnxcamr

I'm not trying to make you feel some way or other, honestly! I just wanted to correct one misstatement, and you leapt. :)

@ceoln

Oh shit... I just noticed what server you are from.

Hahahahahaha!

Sorry, I should've checked before.

Bye!

@pluralistic

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