After transmitting a packet, a #LoRaWAN Device (#WisBlock) will open a short "Receive Window" ... To receive a Response Packet (if any) from the LoRaWAN Gateway (#WisGate)

https://github.com/lupyuen/wisblock-lorawan#output-log

#LoRaWAN Receive Windows are explained in the LoRaWAN Specs

https://lora-alliance.org/resource_hub/lorawan-104-specification-package/

Will #PineCone #BL602 @PINE64 (with Pine64 RFM90 LoRa Module) ... Talk to RAKwireless #WisGate #LoRaWAN Gateway? Let's find out!

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/components/3rdparty/lorawan

These are the #BL602 #LoRaWAN Commands ... Ported from Apache Mynewt OS

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan/sdk_app_lorawan/demo.c#L306-L338

#BL602 tries to join the #LoRaWAN Network ... But no Join Request gets transmitted to WisGate 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#lorawan-commands

#BL602 tries to send #LoRaWAN Join Network Request ... But hangs while hunting for the next LoRa Frequency Channel to transmit 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/components/3rdparty/lorawan/src/mac/region/RegionAS923.c#L914-L982

When #BL602 hunts for the next #LoRa Frequency Channel to transmit (Spread Spectrum) ... It listens to the airwaves to check whether the channel is in use ... Let's find out whether BL602 is doing Carrier Sensing correctly 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/components/3rdparty/lorawan/src/mac/region/RegionAS923.c#L914-L982

Oops Mynewt's #LoRaWAN Carrier Sensing implementation is outdated ... Semtech's LoRaWAN Reference Implementation does NOT require Carrier Sensing outside Japan and South Korea ... So we disable Carrier Sensing and use a random LoRa Frequency Channel

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/components/3rdparty/lorawan/src/mac/region/RegionAS923.c#L977-L1041

After disabling #LoRaWAN Carrier Sensing ... #BL602 hits an Exception while transmitting the Join Network Request ... Let's lookup these addresses in the RISC-V Disassembly

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

According to our RISC-V Disassembly, #BL602 #LoRaWAN Driver hits a Null Pointer Exception here ... Seems like non-essential logging code ... So let's disable this code

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/components/3rdparty/lorawan/src/mac/LoRaMac.c#L2379-L2415

#BL602 is now transmitting the #LoRaWAN Join Network Request ... But doesn't receive any response from our LoRaWAN Gateway (WisGate) ... Let's check the WisGate LoRaWAN Log

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

#WisGate #ChirpStack you're so funny ... I'm nowhere near Chinese Garden, Japanese Garden and Jurong Bird Park 😂

https://docs.rakwireless.com/Product-Categories/WisGate/RAK7244C/Quickstart/#connect-the-gateway-with-chirpstack

Let's move #PineCone #BL602 (and #Pinebook Pro @PINE64
) real close to RAKwireless #WisGate ... For our #LoRaWAN testing

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan

Sadly our #WisGate #LoRaWAN Gateway didn't receive any LoRaWAN Packets transmitted by #BL602 ... Let's look inside the transmitted packets ... And verify the transmission with Airspy SDR

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

Airspy SDR verifies that #BL602 is indeed transmitting the Join #LoRaWAN Network packet ... Maybe it contains garbage 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

Here's the #BL602 "Join Network" #LoRa Chirp ... Recorded by Airspy SDR with CubicSDR

https://youtu.be/7a4rfaI_zV4

Here's the "Join Network" #LoRaWAN Packet transmitted by #BL602 ... Does this look right? 🤔 Let's compare with WisBlock

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

#LoRaWAN "Join Network" Packet transmitted by #WisBlock ... Looks similar to the one transmitted by BL602 ... Nonce and Message Integrity Code will differ of course

https://github.com/lupyuen/wisblock-lorawan/blob/master/README.md#output-log

Here are the #LoRaWAN Packets transmitted by RAKwireless #WisBlock ... Captured by Airspy SDR and CubicSDR

https://youtu.be/xdyi6XCo8Z8

#LoRaWAN Packet: #BL602 vs #WisBlock ... Seems BL602 is transmitting at Lower Power than WisBlock ... Let's check the Power Amplifier settings 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

#BL602 vs #WisBlock: Join #LoRaWAN Network Request ... Let's check the Nonce and Message Integrity Code ... Wonder if we can retransmit the BL602 packet from WisBlock 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

Let's copy the Join #LoRaWAN Network Request generated by #BL602 ... And retransmit with #WisBlock ... Surprise: the Join Request succeeds! 😲 Which proves the Nonce and Message Integrity Code are OK ... Probably the BL602 Power Amplifier setting is wrong 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#output-log

But wait: Will #LoRaWAN allow replayed "Join Network" Requests? 😲 Nope it doesn't! #WisGate #ChirpStack will reject Replayed Requests because the Nonce needs to be unique ... Here's how we find Nonce Errors in RAKwireless WisGate

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan#message-integrity-code-errors

For Reference: Here's how I connected #PineCone #RISCV #BL602 @PINE64 to Pine64 RFM90 #LoRa Module (SX1262)

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/tree/master/components/3rdparty/lora-sx1262#connect-bl602-to-sx1262

Taking a short BL602 break ... To write about everything I've done with #RAKwireless #WisGate

https://docs.rakwireless.com/Product-Categories/WisGate/RAK7244C/Quickstart/

#WisGate #LoRaWAN Gateway receives LoRaWAN Data Packet from #BL602 yay! 🎉

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan/README.md#output-log

We should always select "Public LoRa Network" (instead of Private) ... So that our #BL602 #LoRaWAN Driver will transmit Public Sync Word 0x3444 (instead of 0x1424) ... Duh! 🙄

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan/Makefile#L66-L69

Here are the tested #LoRaWAN Commands for #BL602 to transmit data packets correctly to the WisGate ChirpStack LoRaWAN Gateway 🎉

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan/README.md#lorawan-commands

#LoRa Concentrator Doc made me wonder ... Could our #LoRaWAN Gateway be dropping packets from #BL602 because we sent the wrong Sync Word? Yep indeed!

https://github.com/Lora-net/sx1302_hal/tree/master/libloragw#61-spreading-factor-sf5--sf6

#BL602 joins the #LoRaWAN Network ... And transmits a data packet

https://youtu.be/BMMIIiZG6G0

#BL602 transmits a packet to #LoRaWAN Gateway and receives the response ... Why is BL602 transmitting at Lower Power, when the Power Amplifier is enabled? 🤔

https://github.com/lupyuen/bl_iot_sdk/blob/lorawan/customer_app/sdk_app_lorawan/README.md#output-log

Connecting #PineCone #BL602 @PINE64 to #LoRaWAN ... With Pine64 RFM90 LoRa Module ... All shall be explained here

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?2

Here's how we connect #PineCone #BL602 @PINE64 to Pine64 RFM90 #LoRa Module

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?3#connect-bl602-to-lora-module

Magical Pin DIO1 on RFM90 #LoRa Module @PINE64

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?4#connect-bl602-to-lora-module

Let's dive into the #BL602 Drivers for #LoRa and #LoRaWAN

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?8#lora-transceiver-driver

#LoRa SX1262 Driver for #BL602 ... How it works

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?9#lora-transceiver-driver

What's inside the #BL602 #LoRa Driver

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?11#how-it-works

#LoRaWAN handles these parameters automatically ... But if we ever need to call the #BL602 LoRa Driver directly, here are the parameters

https://lupyuen.github.io/articles/lorawan?14#configure-lora-transceiver