比較驚訝中國外交體系對四方對話接觸孟加拉的反應一開始就如此激烈:
"China felt it was the right time to warn Bangladesh against the Quad amid growing pressure on the government to continue the vaccination campaign and Dhaka’s subsequent reliance on Beijing to get vaccines. Taking advantage of the devastating COVID-19 situation in India, China deepened anti-COVID-19 cooperation with Afghanistan, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Bangladesh, and floated a vaccine storage reserve for South Asia. This new platform aims at providing vaccines to its member nations on a priority basis during emergencies.
Under the leadership of Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina, Bangladesh has been maintaining a balancing act between global powers. Dhaka is deeply aware that it needs to maintain good relationships with powerful nations such as the United States, India, China, and Japan to ensure its continued development, both economically and infrastructurally."
https://thediplomat.com/2021/05/chinas-warning-to-bangladesh-on-the-quad/
印象中,魏鳳和當初兩趟南亞之行重點在斯里蘭卡與巴基斯坦,孟加拉只能算是斯里蘭卡的稍帶前菜,並非重點。
"摩門說,四方對話成員中沒有一個曾就加入該組織而與孟加拉接洽過。摩門說,李極明的言論為時過早。
摩門還表示,中國干預孟加拉的國家事務是不尋常的。他說:「我們沒想到中國會這樣做。」
但是李極明10日在孟加拉外交記者協會(DCAB)表示,中國國防部長魏鳳和在最近訪問南亞國家時也傳達了同樣的資訊。"
補俄方對南亞局勢的觀察:
"俄羅斯科學院東方研究所印度研究中心主任塔季揚娜·紹米揚在接受衛星通訊社採訪時就此評論道:「中國與斯里蘭卡的關係正在快速發展。在與尼泊爾和孟加拉國的關係中也觀察到了同樣的趨勢。這些國家在過去幾年中一直在努力保護自己免受龐大印度的威脅。他們與中國的接近發生在中印關係最糟糕的時期,當時兩國關係的緊張已經趨於白熱化。現在印中關係出現了緩和,中國同時正在通過與印度鄰國發展關係,建立與該地區所有國家的信任關係來平衡它們之間的關係。」"
補認識尼泊爾與印度的領土糾紛:
"In 2020, when India committed cartographic aggression by publishing a map showing the Kalapani-Lipulekh-Limpiyadhura stretch of land as its territory, the Oli government responded by issuing a map depicting it as a part of Nepal and getting it endorsed by the Nepali Parliament and including it in the constitution.
According to historical documents and evidence of tax collection from locals, this stretch of land in Nepal’s far west belongs to the country. However, in Indian eyes, Oli went too far by formally including it in the constitution. The Nepali move, which came at a time when India was hurting after the violent clash with China at Galwan in Ladakh, ended up stirring Indian suspicions over the Oli government’s intentions."
https://thediplomat.com/2021/06/is-nepal-now-courting-india-and-ignoring-china/
尼泊爾夾在印度與中國之間也不容易:
"The Pokhara airport is one of several Nepalese projects for the Belt and Road Initiative, which the country signed onto in 2017. China has agreed to finance a feasibility study for a cross-border railway that would be part of a so-called Trans-Himalayan connectivity network that may eventually include highways connecting the two countries. Nepal is also seeking Chinese assistance for a power transmission line that would cross the countries’ border.
But Nepal has rejected the designation of the airport as a Belt and Road project, because that label has complicated its diplomatic ties with India — its neighbor and rival to China for influence in the region. India, a major destination for Nepali travelers, has dragged its feet on approving flights to and from the airport."
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/12/business/china-nepal-pokhara-airport.html
"CAMC designed the airport drainage system without taking into account historical rainfall data in locations across Pokhara and the sloping topography near the site, forgoing a standard practice in international construction. Without such considerations, Mr. Gautam said, the airport was at risk of flooding during heavy rains. There was also no paperwork ensuring the quality of Chinese-made building materials or information on the Chinese vendors providing the components, he said, contrary to the stipulations in CAMC’s contract with Nepal.
中工國際設計機場排水系統時沒有考慮博克拉地區的歷史降雨數據,以及施工現場附近的傾斜地形,沒有按照國際建築標準去做。不考慮這些的話,高塔姆說,機場在大雨期間就有被水淹沒的危險。沒有確保中國製造的建築材料的質量的文件,也沒有提供建築部件的中國供應商的信息,他說,這不符合中工國際與尼泊爾簽訂的合同中的規定。"
https://cn.nytimes.com/business/20231020/nepal-pokhara-airport-china/zh-hant/dual/