A friend of mine had remarked to this post out of channel saying:

> ADHD and autism have an even higher comorbidity rate, AFAIK, which is interesting

I find this an interesting follow up, so here is my response:

Sort of, in the case of ADHD its far more complicated... for starters the overwhelming majority of comorbidity is subclinical in this case (so doesn't typically count as true comorbidity). Moreover the comorbidity is unidirectional.

To put numbers to it (according to the best study I know of anyway):

* According to their interactions with parents and teachers comorbidity is only 3.2% and 2.6% respectively.

* For those with Autism about 1.2% of them have clinical ADHD while 31.4% are subclinical (their symptoms do not qualify for a ADHD diagnosis but they show some ADHD like properties)

* For those with ADHD about 4.1% of them have clinical Autism while 5.7% are subclinical.

So in reality the comorbidity is much much less between ADHD and Autism. I dont know off hand the comorbidity between BD and ADHD for subclinical but it likely is much higher than the numbers for Autism and ADHD

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/aur.3146

#BD #ADHD #Bipolar #Science #Biology #Medicine #Neurodivergent