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Grades in school are thought to reflect students’ knowledge of the curriculum. They are not, and they never were. They do reflect students’ ability to function in a hierarchical social organization, which is useful, but very different from knowledge of curriculum.
@garyackerman Is there anything that would better reflect students' knowledge of the curriculum? If not, is the entire project of formal education with diplomas and degrees [built on a foundation of sand](https://www.tearthepaperceiling.org/about-stars)?
@antares Tests/ projects can demonstrate knowledge of the curriculum, but IMO they can be separated from course grades.
@garyackerman
Dylan Wiliam, at the inaugural lecture of the Chartered College of Teaching, said "...this improves performance. Performance does not equate to Learning."