When we stumble upon a paradox, everything that leads to it makes sense, everything has been done right, everyone has answered questions truthfully, so we are accurate and true, but a contradiction remains. Let's not avoid them when teaching.
Scientists ask: 1) if the question was reasonable; 2) if the methods provide the data necessary to answer the question; 3) if the correct data was collected appropriately; 4) if data were properly analyzed; & the conclusions are logical & supported by the data. Leader rarely do.
Before scientists accept an observation, other independent scientists must document the same observation. This requires science be done in a public and open manner and scientists must report what they did so that others can criticize and verify.
Scientists begin with the null hypothesis (that there is no difference between two groups), and then will either accept the null hypothesis (if there appears to be no effect) or reject the null hypothesis (if there appears to be an effect).
In primates, the size of the neocortex is positively correlated with social interactions; the bigger the neocortex, the greater social interaction observed in the species.
Despite its central role in much of the myth and culture of schooling which is deeply embedded in our society, intelligence is a relatively recent construct and it is no more a natural phenomenon than the bells and schedules that organize students' and teachers' days.
Epistemology is something that is deeply important to educators in the modern world, especially if they are going to be sufficiently flexible to evaluate recipes, to adopt and adapt those that are useful, to discard them when they are no longer useful.