“Doing technical work is just one strategy among others.” Especially in education, one is tempted to articulate a single preferred method of teaching the curriculum. Designers recognize the many solutions in the instructional space and explore them in specific situations.
"Students should be active architects of their won learning." That sure sounds like something I would have written, but AI generated it after processing a chapter I wrote.
Technology-based teaching can be unpredictable as they are driven by students’ interests and rely on diverse source of information, and the products of students’ learning emerge as the projects progress.
“I have approximate answers, possible beliefs and different degrees of certainty about different things, but I'm not absolutely sure about anything.” ― Richard Feynman
The designers have their concept of the problem they are solving, but once it gets into the hands of users, they determine which problems it will solve, how the solutions are realized, and what is done with it that the designer never imagined.