@Shamar Interesting question. Amateur guess on my part:
Regexes are used for matching strings of characters, which are themselves pretty compact. So the more verbose your pattern-matching language is, the less it looks like the string you're trying to match.
For example, matching commonwealth and American spellings of a word:
Regex: "[Ff]avou?rite"
Verbose description:
[character('f', ignore-case),\
substring("avo"),\
character('u', optional),\
substring("rite")]
If you don't know regex syntax, the second one probably seems less cryptic, but once you get the hang of it, it's easier to quickly recognise what the first one's doing.