歐盟的大象緩緩轉身(?
"這份報告大致上比以往又更貼近了美國對中國的看法，可望為 6 月將舉行的美、歐高峰會先行定調，從報告中亦可看出科技與貿易將會是施壓中國做出改革承諾的重點領域，而歐盟可能採取包括加強審查、違規罰款、剔除在公共採購名單之外等手段做為施壓的工具。"
https://www.pourquoi.tw/2021/05/03/intlnews-euaf-210426-210502-5/
歐盟這份對中報告猶在咬文嚼字呢:
"The multi-faceted approach ... should remain as the preferred way for the EU to deal with China. At the same time, further, robust efforts are needed on the implementation of existing actions and to address a number of new challenges."
https://www.politico.eu/article/eu-china-biden-economy-climate-europe/
國家資本的補貼始終是美國歐盟對中國不照規矩玩貿易公平競爭的最大詬病:
"The U.S. and nations in Europe and elsewhere also subsidize their own industries, often through tax breaks, export financing and research-and-development funding. What makes China different is the outsize role state-controlled companies play in its economy, and its willingness to support their expansion abroad."
"The U.S. and Europe have long relied on the World Trade Organization and tariffs to penalize China for subsidizing exports with grants, tax breaks and credit from state-owned banks, measures that helped the country grow rapidly. But the WTO rules weren’t written to constrain subsidies that a government gives to its manufacturers overseas.
The result: Chinese-owned factories outside of China usually face lower tariffs than those imposed on factories inside the country—or escape them altogether."
中國A股半導體業有一成沒政府補貼就要虧損了:
"報導指出，A股120家半導體企業中，除了四圖維新外，其餘119家去年獲得中國政府149.11億元補貼，平均每家公司獲得1.24億元補貼；去年上述120家半導體企業合計淨利達570億元，政府補貼佔合計淨利的26.1%。"
"報導說，有16家A股半導體企業若無中國政府補貼則會出現虧損。"
WSJ這篇指出的美方認為中國重點補貼如鋼鐵、汽車零件、太陽能板等產業在關稅調降的可能性恐怕不太樂觀:
"As part of the China review, USTR doesn’t plan a wholesale reduction in tariffs on more than half of Chinese imports which were imposed during the Trump years, according to the people familiar with its planning.
Instead, the USTR has been conducting exercises to see which tariffs are hurting the U.S. economy or could substantially raise the costs of other parts of the Biden agenda, these people said, particularly the president’s plans to invest hundreds of billions of dollars into new U.S. infrastructure."
法律先行鋪軌，以後再照軌前行~
"經貿辦說，此次會議依據先前雙方共同公布的談判架構及內容，雙方團隊首次實體見面，討論議題相當廣泛，主要著重在雙方就各自整體法制面的異同，以及維護對雙方企業有利經營環境的政策作法等交換意見。"
中國現況是否禁得起三零一和美國是否真會動用三零一都令人存疑:
"為重新校准美國對中貿易政策，以捍衛國內勞工、企業、農民及製造業者，強化中產階級，戴琪宣布，她將與中方對口就第一階段貿易協議的落實進行討論，並展開關稅排除流程，確保現行架構符合美國經濟利益。
此外，戴琪指出，在確保北京履行貿易協議的同時，美國會持續對中國以國家為中心、非市場貿易行徑表達關切。美方會動用所有現行工具並依據需求發展新工具，以保衛美國經濟利益不受有害政策與行徑影響。"
財經網美說的一年期中國出口美國半數關稅項目豁免的說法在WSJ找不到相關佐證，莫非中文媒體都是從"將繼續維持半數川政權懲罰性關稅"來推導出"有半數關稅豁免"這個結論嗎? 目前先找到所謂美企申請關稅豁免程序這部分的佐證:
"At the same time, she said, the U.S. will reopen a process for U.S. companies to seek exemptions from tariffs. That exemption process ended after President Biden took office, drawing complaints from manufacturers and others who say they have no cost-effective alternatives to certain Chinese components."
沒想到罐裝食品也會面臨關稅考驗...
"Chinese products would be subject to the highest tariffs of the three countries—a levy of 122.52% of their import value. That rate partly reflects Chinese companies’ refusal to cooperate with the investigation to prove their independence from the Chinese Communist Party, an administration official said."
"At the same time, the officials cleared five other trading partners—the Netherlands, South Korea, Taiwan, Turkey and the U.K.—of dumping allegations, narrowing the scope of the products covered by new tariffs."
美歐針對中國議題與印太議題的第四次會談內容關於台海部分老調重彈，但在確認軍事與經濟合作的結盟項目上有較實質進展:
"They reaffirmed the importance of U.S. and EU efforts on regional connectivity, notably in the framework of the Partnership for Global Infrastructure and Investment (PGII) and the EU’s Global Gateway. They reviewed opportunities for cooperation and synergies offered by the U.S.-EU shared support to regional cross-border initiatives and committed to build on recent discussions on electricity market integration in South Asia and on port security across the Indo-Pacific. They welcomed the recently signed memorandum of understanding between the U.S. International Development Finance Corporation (DFC) and the European Investment Bank (EIB), which will facilitate strategic investments including in the Indo-Pacific.
They welcomed the success of the first joint U.S.-EU naval exercise, conducted in March 2023. They intend to take new steps to advance practical maritime cooperation in the Indo-Pacific region, including facilitating the EU’s involvement and participation in INDOPACOM’s naval exercises and planning conferences in the region. Given their shared commitment to enhancing maritime domain awareness in the Indo-Pacific, they also intend to establish further technical exchanges in this area, including on ways to ensure maximum complementarity between the U.S. SeaVision and the EU-funded IORIS systems."
"假如荷法德接受美國的請求而參與軍事行動，將會面對各種來自中國的威脅，因為中國必然視封鎖麻六甲海峽為戰爭行為，會對此採取報復行動，例如對歐洲的港口和天然氣設施展開猛烈的網路攻擊，會採取行動報復中國境內的歐洲人。此外中國在吉布地設有陸軍基地，而吉布地扼紅海與亞丁灣出入口，歐洲的船艦要從地中海經蘇彞士運河進入印度洋，勢必由此經過，屆時是否將會遭到中國人民解放軍的砲火攻擊？"
https://www.pourquoi.tw/2021/11/01/intlnews-euaf-211025-211031-2/