1️⃣ Kihbernetic with
2️⃣ fundamental : a recursive self-production for growth and learning, and a linear production of "other things", such as behavior and waste, distributed in
3️⃣ Control , of , immersed in, and dealing with things in the system's environment, for managing the workload of different regulators, and to provide long-term goals and preserve the identity of the system, all using
4️⃣ : sensory of data and other resources, motor of behavior, as the difference that will make a difference in the subsequent (updated) state, all interconnecting
5️⃣ : the -ed to external stimuli, the of sensory states, the of the expected outcome of past behavior, and the repeated of new information into an updated knowledge state.

A 3D of a natural can be visualized as created from the interaction of 2D made of and of that modulate (change the form of or constrain) each other, leaving a 1D as a record of how their interaction unfolds in .

Not all in real requires an immediate response of the dynamical to what's happening in its environment.

>Constraining the behavior of a system in a functional way, i.e., control, can be exerted here and now—by the specific parameters of environments. Such is the case of tropisms: a plant turns in the direction of a light. However, in cases in which control is displaced in time, the functional ‘‘freezing’’ of some degrees of freedom has to be written somehow and somewhere (i.e., some form of memory must occur), and—if one wants to have a physical description of this memory process—according to Pattee, one has to employ an alternative sort of description in the form of time-independent constraints. This description is "symbolic’’ in the sense of consisting of timeless structures, having external significance, that—themselves—form a system, being non-arbitrarily linked together by certain rules. According to Pattee, the two kinds of description (symbolic code and physical laws) are incommensurate. Neither is reducible to the other.

J. Rączaszek-Leonardi building on 's work on Reconciling and aspects of

academia.edu/899225/Reconcilin

>A is something, A, which brings something, B, its sign determined or created by it, into the same sort of correspondence with something, C, its , as that in which itself stands to C.

(1902)

In a sign is the describing (documenting) a ("mental model") abstracted from a real (object) by an (the interpretant).

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Just discovered there is an interesting etymological link between the words and by which a ***system*** may be defined as "*having the same stance*" or "*standing together*"

***Stance***
>"comes from the Italian "*stanza*" which means stopping place (*like a room within the house*). Your stance is something that's not likely to change. You have stopped there, your decision is made. You're done."

vocabulary.com/dictionary/stan

Origin:
>***stā-***, Proto-Indo-European root meaning "to stand, set down, make or be firm," with derivatives meaning "place or thing that is standing."

e.g. Afghanistan - the place of the Afghani peoples, and in

>Greek ***histēmi*** "put, place, cause to stand; weigh,"

etymonline.com/word/stance

***System***

>Greek ***systema*** "organized whole, a whole compounded of parts," from stem of *synistanai* "to place together, organize, form in order," from syn- "together" (see syn-) + root of histanai "cause to stand," from PIE root *sta- "to stand, make or be firm."

etymonline.com/word/system

I think Maturana may have "jumped the gun" here by succumbing to the cybernetic vs. type of thinking and using a gun (a mere passive or ) as a metaphor for an active, living .

In my mind, the notion of ***external control*** so pervasive in does not fit well with the notions of and .

Unlike a (living) system, the gun has no other but to react to the trigger, except, as Maturana notes, in case of malfunction (which is not equivalent to choice).

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Ashby's principle of requisite states, in fact, that the variety of the system must be large at least as the variety of the system .

As an *external* can never have the full picture of the *internal* variety of states the controlled system can find itself in, it is obvious that, for control to be , the controller must be an integral part of the same self-organized (controlled) .

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A truly remarkable thinker
**Anthony Wilden** - *** and ***
*Essays in Communication and Exchange* - Second edition (1980)

According to , is blocking the flow of from the (environmental) to the (internal, protected) . There are two primary forms of blocking the effect of the disturbance on the system:
1️⃣ Passive (by sheltering from), and
2️⃣ Active (on par with)
From:
W. Ross Ashby (1956) - An Introduction to Cybernetics, (Chapman & Hall, London) - available electronically from:
pespmc1.vub.ac.be/ASHBBOOK.htm

Systems thinkers use a number of different terms for the three basic concepts in the "system's triad" so that we have a "real system" as opposed to the "conceptual system" which is sometimes also called the "mental model" which is again different from the (real) descriptive or simulation model. In we make the distinction between , and unambiguous following the rules specified in the works of and

Ashby warns us against our first impulse to point at the pendulum and say 'the system is that thing there' because this has a fundamental disadvantage in that "every material object contains no less than an infinity of variables" from which "different observers (with different aims) may reasonably make an infinity of different selections."

Therefore, there must first be given an , and a is then defined as "any set of variables selected by that observer from those available on the real ‘machine‘".

defines a , as "a of that an abstracts in the flow of and of a of distinguished in the observers daily living" that is "spontaneously or artificially " in its within some " of concern" of the observer.

So, in Kihbernetics, the triad looks like this:

IS .

The used by a computing to anticipate the of affairs in its depends heavily upon the state of the anticipatory system.

Knowledge is the result of the system's of all previous computations. The same system will anticipate different outcomes depending on its current knowledge state

An anticipatory system does not need to be a system.

and Anticipation are only necessary for .

There is no anticipation in .

Apart from that, a very interesting article:

academia.edu/5729941/Anticipat

The 1, 2, 3, and 4 of :
1️⃣ one with a purpose
2️⃣ two (linear work and recursive growth)
3️⃣ three (selection, storage, and production)
4️⃣ four (disturbance, difference, control, and output)

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