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Early Modern Genres of History

Johnsen, E.N., & Stovner, I.L. (Eds.). (2024). Early Modern Genres of History (1st ed.). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003331971

#OpenAccess #OA #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #EarlyModern #Read #Reading #Academia #Academic #Academics #NonFiction #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon
@histodon @histodons @earlymodern @bookstodon (81)

"Even though it was hoped that machines might overcome human bias, this assumption often fails due to a problematic or theoretically implausible selection of variables that are fed into the model and because of small size, low representativeness, and presence of bias in the training data [5.]."

Suchotzki, K. and Gamer, M. (2024) 'Detecting deception with artificial intelligence: promises and perils,' Trends in Cognitive Sciences [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.04.002.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Science #Deception #Lies #Bias #ArtificialIntelligence #AI #MachineLearning #Psychology @science @psychology

#Image attribution: Madhav-Malhotra-003, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artificial_Intelligence_Word_Cloud.png

"While ChatGPT-4 correlates closely with established risk stratification tools regarding mean scores, its inconsistency when presented with identical patient data on separate occasions raises concerns about its reliability."

Heston TF, Lewis LM (2024) ChatGPT provides inconsistent risk-stratification of patients with atraumatic chest pain. PLOS ONE 19(4): e0301854. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0301854

#OpenAcess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Heart #CoronaryHeartDisease #Medicine #Health #ChatGPT #AI #ArtificialIntelligence #Software #Science @science

"Incense spheres discovered in Tang hoards, which are the earliest artefacts found to date, reveal multicultural origins upon close examination. Persian and Sogdian silversmith elements, Buddhist ideas and Syriac Christian liturgical practices, may all have left their traces on the making of the object."

Fang, F. X. (2024). Scent, Art and Astronomy: New Light on Tang Incense Spheres and Their Global Connections. The Medieval History Journal, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/09719458231226000

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Medieval #Medievodons #History #Histodon #Histodons #Asia #China #India #Iran #CentralAsia #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons @medievodons

"How did Asia come to be represented on European World maps? When and how did Asian Countries adopt a continental system for understanding the world? How did countries with disparate mapping traditions come to share a basic understanding and vision of the globe? "

Hostetler, L. (eds) (31 Jan. 2024). Reimagining the Globe and Cultural Exchange: The East Asian Legacies of Matteo Ricci's World Map, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004684782 [Accessed 30 April 2024]

#OpenAccess #OA #Brill #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #EarlyModern #Asia #Map #Maps #Cartography #Culture #Read #Reading #Academia #Academic #Academics #NonFiction #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @histodon @histodons @earlymodern @bookstodon (80)

"Studying texts from the cities and countryside and tracking developments over time, Alstola shows that there was notable diversity in the Judeans’ socio-economic status and integration into Babylonian society."

Alstola, T. (19 Dec. 2019). Judeans in Babylonia, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004365421 [Accessed 29 April 2024]

#OpenAccess #OA #Brill #DOI #Ancient #History #Histodon #Histodons #Judaism #Religion #Babylonia #Read #Reading #Academia #Academic #Academics #NonFiction #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @histodon @histodons @bookstodon (79)

"We specifically study how a severe climate disaster, Hurricane Ian, shaped public opinion in the Republican-dominated American South. Our study focuses on attitudes in four Southern swing states, where climate-skeptic and anti-migrant politics intersect and where voters are cross-pressured by climate change and migration."

ARIAS, S.B. and BLAIR, C.W. (2024) ‘In the Eye of the Storm: Hurricanes, Climate Migration, and Climate Attitudes’, American Political Science Review, pp. 1–21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055424000352

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Politics #Migration #Climate #ClimateChange #Hurricane #PoliticalScience #Academia #Academic #Academics @politicalscience

"In most work in the history of science, the approach is to show how a particular event or outcome was the result of various social and intellectual influences. Bayesian history of science, on the other hand, focuses on the lines of evidence relevant to the historical development to see if the direction taken by an individual or group of scientists was consistent or inconsistent with the evidence at hand."

Henry Small; Bayesian history of science: The case of Watson and Crick and the structure of DNA. Quantitative Science Studies 2023; 4 (1): 209–228. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00233

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #History #Science #HistSci #Discovery #DNA #Academia #Academic #Academics @science

"Our purpose is to demonstrate that the tropes usually today associated with the Corn and Poor Laws – pauperism, a clash between merchant, manufacturing and landlord interests, population and impoverishment – are absent from discussion during this period."

Lanot (Umeå), G. and Tribe (Tartu), K. (2024) ‘Before political economy: debate over grain markets, dearth and pauperism in England, 1794–96’, History of European Ideas, pp. 1–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2024.2343530.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #History #Histodon #Histodons #England #C18th #18thCentury #Economics #Europe @econhistory @economics

"We present a set of large pedigrees, reconstructed using ancient DNA, spanning nine generations and comprising around 300 individuals. We uncover a strict patrilineal kinship system, in which patrilocality and female exogamy were the norm and multiple reproductive partnering and levirate unions were common. The absence of consanguinity indicates that this society maintained a detailed memory of ancestry over generations."

Gnecchi-Ruscone, G.A., Rácz, Z., Samu, L. et al. Network of large pedigrees reveals social practices of Avar communities. Nature (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07312-4

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #Archaeology #History #Histodon #Histodons #Ancient #DNA #Genetics #Science #Avars #Academia #Academic #Academics @science @histodon @histodons

"Our study has practical implications. We show that narcissistic executives are attracted to each other and the consequences that this may have. Given the limited malleability of a personality trait such as narcissism, the primary practical implication is thus related to executive selection. This means that our research holds advice for boards that are tasked with hiring CEOs, as well as appointing TMT members."

Junge, S., Graf-Vlachy, L., Hagen, M., & Schlichte, F. (2024). Narcissism at the CEO–TMT Interface: Measuring Executive Narcissism and Testing Its Effects on TMT Composition. Journal of Management, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/01492063241226904

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #Business #Corporations #CEO #Management #Narcissism #Narcissistic #Personality #Academia #Academic #Academics

"Our research pioneers an innovative methodology for generating synthetic training data tailored to Old Aramaic letters. Our pipeline synthesizes photo-realistic Aramaic letter datasets, incorporating textural features, lighting, damage, and augmentations to mimic real-world inscription diversity. Despite minimal real examples, we engineer a dataset of 250 000 training and 25 000 validation images covering the 22 letter classes in the Aramaic alphabet."

Aioanei AC, Hunziker-Rodewald RR, Klein KM, Michels DL (2024) Deep Aramaic: Towards a synthetic data paradigm enabling machine learning in epigraphy. PLOS ONE 19(4): e0299297. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299297 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #PeerReview #DOI #MachineLearning #NeuralNetworks #Algorithms #Linguistics #Aramaic #Epigraphy #AI #ArtificalIntelligence #Academia #Academic #Academics @linguistics

First evidence for human occupation of a lava tube in Arabia: The archaeology of Umm Jirsan Cave and its surroundings, northern Saudi Arabia

"The lava tube does not appear to have served as a permanent habitation location, but rather as a site that likely lay on herding routes and that allowed access to shade and water for passing herders and their animals. Prior to this, as well as during pastoral periods, the lava tube was likely also linked with hunting activities, which probably remained a cornerstone of local economies into the Bronze Age."

Stewart M, Andrieux E, Blinkhorn J, Guagnin M, Fernandes R, et al. (2024) First evidence for human occupation of a lava tube in Arabia: The archaeology of Umm Jirsan Cave and its surroundings, northern Saudi Arabia. PLOS ONE 19(4): e0299292. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299292

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #PeerReview #Archaeology #Academia #Academic #Paleoanthropology #Neolithic #Anthropology #Archaeodons #Academics #SaudiArabia #MiddleEast @archaeodons @anthropology

"Under a middle-of-the road scenario of future income development (SSP2, in which SSP stands for Shared Socio-economic Pathway), this corresponds to global annual damages in 2049 of 38 trillion in 2005 international dollars (likely range of 19–59 trillion 2005 international dollars)."

Kotz, M., Levermann, A. & Wenz, L. The economic commitment of climate change. Nature 628, 551–557 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07219-0 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Economics #Environment #Climate #ClimateChange #Academia #Academic #Academics @economics @climatechange

"Our analysis of 49 coins from the North Sea zone indicates that Byzantine silver plate was the source of silver for the initial minting of the first post-Roman silver coins in England, Frisia and parts of Francia. From c. AD 750, freshly mined silver from Melle, Aquitaine, was introduced to this North Sea zone, becoming the dominant source following the coinage reforms of AD 793."

Kershaw, J. et al. (2024) ‘Byzantine plate and Frankish mines: the provenance of silver in north-west European coinage during the Long Eighth Century (c. 660–820)’, Antiquity, 98(398), pp. 502–517. doi: https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2024.33. #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Europe #MiddleAges #Byzantine #Analysis #Coinage #Archaeology #History #Histodon #Histodons #Archaeodons #Academia #Academic #Academics @archaeodons @histodon @histodons

"This essay will read Hegel's comments on the Orient in light of his larger philosophy and then examine how Japanese scholars, specifically Okakura Tenshin (1863–1913) construct what could be called a Hegel-inspired defense of the concept of Asia or the Orient."

Murthy, V. (2024) ‘Rescuing Hegel from Eurocentrism: Oriental Reconstructions of Hegel’s Orient’, Hegel Bulletin, pp. 1–28. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/hgl.2024.13. #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #Essay #DOI #Philosophy #Hegel #Orient #Asia @philosophy

#Image attribution: Jakob Schlesinger, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jakob_Schlesinger_-_Hegel_1831.jpg

"Drawing on a national survey (N = 1,003), we found that U.S. adults evaluated fact-checking labels created by professional fact checkers as more effective than labels by algorithms and other users. News media labels were perceived as more effective than user labels but not statistically different from labels by fact checkers and algorithms."

Jia, C. & Lee, T. (2024). Journalistic interventions matter: Understanding how Americans perceive fact-checking labels. Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-138 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #SocialMedia #Facts #Misinformation #FactChecking #Journalism #Algorithms

"Rereading the sources surveyed by Green and Fancy, we have found no evidence in the various texts that would tie the various epidemics/pandemics in Iraq, Syria, and Egypt to plague, supposedly brought unintentionally by the advancing Mongol army that besieged Baghdad in early 1258."

Brack, J., Biran, M. and Amitai, R. (2024) ‘Plague and the Mongol conquest of Baghdad (1258)? A reevaluation of the sources’, Medical History, pp. 1–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2023.38. #OpenAccess #OA #Article #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #Medicine #BlackDeath #Plague #Epidemic #Pandemic #Mongols #Ilkhanate #Baghdad #MiddleEast #Historiography #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons

"Why is it that SDO and RWA are bound together at the genetic level not only with policy attitudes, but also with two of the most relevant Big Five personality traits, agreeableness and openness to experience? We conjecture that the underlying reason for these patterns of results may be that the human selective context of resource competition likely affected fundamental personality variation (especially trait Openness), but also independent traits designed to deal with problems of hierarchy-navigation (RWA/SDO), and their downstream political correlates."

Kleppesto, T. H., Czajkowski, N. O., Sheehy-Skeffington, J., Vassend, O., Roysamb, E., Eftedal, N. H., Kunst, J. R., Ystrom, E., & Thomsen, L. (2024). The genetic underpinnings of right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation explain political attitudes beyond Big Five personality. Journal of Personality, 00, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12921 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #RightWing #Authoritarianism #Behavior #Genetics #Personality #Psychology #PoliticalScience #Academia #Academic #Academics @psychology @politicalscience

"Our overarching finding is that except for very high northern latitudes, ESMs project ongoing and future extreme temperature acceleration beyond background warming levels during the hottest months."

Huntingford, C., Cox, P.M., Ritchie, P.D.L. et al. Acceleration of daily land temperature extremes and correlations with surface energy fluxes. npj Clim Atmos Sci 7, 84 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00626-0 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Climate #Environment #Science #Academia #Academic #Academics @climatechange @science