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WATER-FILLED BOTTLES + LIGHT
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SPOTLIGHT. In the 1700s, spherical glass bottles filled with water were used to focus candlelight for fine work such as lace making and surgery. -- see "Water sphere lens" exploratorium.edu/snacks/water; and see Brian Lemin, "The Great Deception, Lace-makers lamps"
www2.cs.arizona.edu/patterns/w
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DIFFUSED LIGHT. In a modern-day emergency, a clear plastic bottle filled with water can be used to diffuse light -- converting a flash light into a lantern which illuminates an area instead of just one spot -- see "Plastic Bottle Lantern" www3.nhk.or.jp/nhkworld/en/rad
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Sometimes I come across curious tidbits -- like this -- when I'm actively searching for something else. And I'm posting this just in case others might be interested, too.
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QUESTION? I wonder how the many uses of optics and lighting technology developed worldwide? My best guess is that the genesis of this story is probably in Europe.
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QOTO = Question Others to Teach Ourselves?

WATER-FILLED BOTTLES + LIGHT
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In the images below, Japanese ukiyo-e woodblocks are being carved using traditional methods, including the lighting
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A glass flask full of water hangs between the woodblock and a light bulb. When the light from the bulb hits the flask it is refracted in all directions and eliminates shadows from the surface of the woodblock, enabling the artisan to see the finest of lines. -- see Brigitte Koyama-Richard, "Modern-day Artisans Carry On the “Ukiyo-e” Tradition." Nippon. March 6, 2014. nippon.com/en/views/b02306/mod
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QUESTION? I wonder how the many uses of optics and lighting technology developed in Japan? My best guess is that the use of a water-filled glass globe to affect light was introduced to Japan by the Dutch.
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QOTO = Question Others to Teach Ourselves?

“Just as a mother would protect her only child with her life, even so let one cultivate a boundless love towards all beings.”

Ocean waves have sounded exactly the same as long as anything.

In this interview with Robert Lawrence Kuhn for the PBS series Closer to Truth, the independent British physicist Julian Barbour endeavours to distinguish between our experience of time and its scientific underpinnings, including what has and hasn’t changed about our conception of time since we first looked to the skies to measure it.
aeon.co/videos/from-sky-charts

Iidabashi, de Tōshi Yoshida (1911-1995), bois gravé en 1932. Acquis en 2016.

Admirables reflets de ciel vespéral dans les canaux. Et après un premier regard sur une scène qui semble figée, on y distingue plein de vie.

This Man Launched a New Internet Service Provider from His Garage | Freethink DIY Science
youtu.be/p52PY_cwIsA

Drug Expiration Dates — Do They Mean Anything? - Harvard Health
health.harvard.edu/staying-hea

Most of what is known about drug expiration dates comes from a study conducted by the Food and Drug Administration at the request of the military. With a large and expensive stockpile of drugs, the military faced tossing out and replacing its drugs every few years. What they found from the study is 90% of more than 100 drugs, both prescription and over-the-counter, were perfectly good to use even 15 years after the expiration date.

Is the expiration date a marketing ploy by drug manufacturers, to keep you restocking your medicine cabinet and their pockets regularly? You can look at it that way. Or you can also look at it this way: The expiration dates are very conservative to ensure you get everything you paid for.

Saving the is more important than planting trees to stop . This is why

weforum.org/agenda/2019/11/wha

If we helped whales return to their pre-whaling numbers of 4- to 5 million (up from 1.3 million today), researchers say they could capture 1.7 billion tonnes of CO2 annually - with the cost of protecting them at just $13 per person a year.

So, made some modifications to my profile. Just posting this as an update to have a log.

Farmers in the Netherlands are growing more food using less land, energy and water
youtube.com/watch?v=5clOYWsNhh

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