Bibliolater 📚 📜 🖋 @bibliolater@qoto.org

2023 was the northern hemisphere’s hottest summer in 2,000 years

"Looking back at the past 2,000 years, the team searched for the warmest summers on record to see how they compared to 2023. They found that the hottest June to August in the pre-industrial era was in 246 CE when temperatures were around 0.88⁰C above average.

This record stood for over 1,000 years, before being broken repeatedly since the late 1990s."

https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/news/2024/may/2023-northern-hemisphere-hottest-summer-2000-years.html

#News #Anthropocene #Climate #ClimateChange #Research #Climatology #ClimateCrisis #Environment #ElNino #Trees #Summer #Records #Geography @climatechange @geography

#Image attribution: Geralt, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Summer_thermometer.jpg

Thomas Willis (1621-1675) : Neurologist, Chemist, Physician

"Willis is not only credited to be the founder of neurology, but he is also seen as the father of comparative neuroanatomy, as his work, in particular Cerebri anatome and De anima brutorum, compare the human brain with that of other species in ‘search for specific human abilities in cognitive functions’ (Molnár, p. 334)."

https://stjohnscollegelibraryoxford.org/2024/05/13/thomas-willis-1621-1675-neurologist-chemist-physician/

#History #Science #STEM #HistSci #Anatomy #Neurology #Neuroanatomy #EarlyModern #C17th #17thCentury #Histodon #Histodons @science @earlymodern @histodon @histodons

#Image attribution: Rijksmuseum, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portret_van_Thomas_Willis,_RP-P-1910-415.jpg

"A Bayesian analysis showed that participants had high expectations and performed descriptively better irrespective of the AI description when a sham-AI was present. Using cognitive modeling, we could trace this advantage back to participants gathering more information."

Agnes Mercedes Kloft, Robin Welsch, Thomas Kosch, and Steeven Villa. 2024. "AI enhances our performance, I have no doubt this one will do the same": The Placebo effect is robust to negative descriptions of AI. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '24). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, Article 299, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.1145/3613904.3642633

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #AI #ArtificialIntelligence #ComputerScience #Technology #Tech #Science #STEM #Placebo #Academia #Academic #Academics @science @technology

#Image attribution: Madhav-Malhotra-003, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artificial_Intelligence_Word_Cloud.png

Band of Brothers: the Jesuits

"Ignatius of Loyola’s movement begins modestly, but winds up having a global impact on education and philosophy."

#Audio #Podcast #History #Philosophy #Jesuits #EarlyModern #Christianity #RomanCatholic #Education @earlymodern @philosophy

#Image attribution: Orion 8, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Icon_announcer.svg

🇺🇸 How Christianity’s Decline Impacts White Christians’ Emotional and Attitudinal Response

"Racial resentment predicts Christian nationalism, Christian persecution beliefs, and White persecution beliefs. In other words, negative stereotypes about Black Americans are related to Christian nationalism and persecution beliefs. But while Whiteness and Christianity are undeniably intertwined among Whites, our experiment provides evidence that they cannot be conflated."

https://religioninpublic.blog/2024/05/03/how-christianitys-decline-impacts-white-christians-emotional-and-attitudinal-response/

#ChristianNationalism #Secularization #Politics #PoliticalScience #USA #US #UnitedStates #America #Chrisitianity #Religion #Christians #Emotions @politicalscience

Image #attribution: IonlyPlayz, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Flag_map_of_the_USA_~_Rivers_and_Lakes.png

The History of Ions: Unveiling the Electric Charge

"Around 1830, Faraday posited the existence of charged particles within molecules that migrate between electrodes during electrolysis—an idea ahead of its time."

https://historyofsciences.blogspot.com/2024/05/the-history-of-ions-unveiling-electric.html

#History #Science #HistSci #STEM @science

#Image attribution: Science History Institute, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Michael_Faraday_-_Man_of_Science_-_DPLA_-_5f2b65726e7d4bb523e98ae61828bc11_(page_6).jpg

"I analyze Machiavelli's frequent references to hope throughout his corpus to offer an explanation of what he means by ‘hope,” examine the relation between hope and fear, and identify the benefits, dangers, and limits of these two foundational and complementary passions."

Mitchell, C.E. (2024) ‘Beyond the Politics of Fear: Machiavelli on Hope’, The Review of Politics, pp. 1–23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0034670524000019.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Machiavelli #Politics #PoliticalScience #Fear #Hope #Academia #Academic #Academics @politicalscience

#Image attribution: Peace Palace Library, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Niccol%C3%B2-Machiavelli-Amelot-de-La-Houssaie-Il-principe_MG_1089.tif

Episode 176: All the World’s a Playhouse

"In this episode, we look at how distant cultures were contributing to the growth of English and how Shakespeare’s acting company built a world-famous theater in the late 1500s."

#Theatre #Theater #History #English #Language #Podcast #Audio #Shakespeare #EarlyModern #Culture @earlymodern

#Image attribution: Orion 8, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Icon_announcer.svg

"The ultimate goal, I suggest, was a translatio imperii; the establishment of an imperial monarchy in the west that could rival the Habsburg empire, and which in time, perhaps, might even come to imitate the universal glory of the Roman imperium. Not the American Atlantic seaboard, but rather the continent of Europe, with its arms, its learning, and its treasure, was the goal of Bacon’s early imperial vision."

Serjeantson, R. (2024) ‘Francis Bacon, colonisation, and the limits of Atlanticism’, History of European Ideas, pp. 1–14. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01916599.2024.2338341.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #History #Histodon #Histodons #EarlyModern #FrancisBacon #Colonialism #Imperialism #Ireland #Atlantic #EuropeanUnion #EU #Europe #UK #UnitedKingdom #Britain #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons @earlymodern

#Image attribution: Yale Center for British Art, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Anonymous_-_Sir_Francis_Bacon,_1st_Viscount_St_Alban_-_B1977.14.9772_-_Yale_Center_for_British_Art.jpg

"...our data suggested that the Japanese population could be best modeled by admixtures of three ancestral components (hereafter K1 to K3). K1 to K3 were the highest in Okinawa, Northeast, and West, respectively (Fig. 1D and table S4). K1 (Okinawa) component maintains a relatively stable fraction of around 12% in Hondo subgroups, except for South (which is a region adjacent to Okinawa), with a higher proportion of 22%. K2 (Northeast) and K3 (West) components showed a cline from West to East."

Xiaoxi Liu et al., Decoding triancestral origins, archaic introgression, and natural selection in the Japanese population by whole-genome sequencing. Sci. Adv. 10, eadi8419 (2024). DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adi8419

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Science #STEM #Population #Genetics #Genome #Genomics #Japan #Japanese #Asia @science

The age structure of populations varies widely across countries

"Over the last 70 years, birth rates have declined in most countries, and life expectancy has increased, leading to aging populations worldwide."

https://ourworldindata.org/data-insights/the-age-structure-of-populations-varies-widely-across-countries

#Data #DataViz #Population #Demographics

"Banana republics are Central American and Caribbean nations exploited by multinational businesses and imperialist governments."

Stoyack, Aaron. "What Is a Banana Republic?" TheCollector.com, https://www.thecollector.com/what-is-a-banana-republic/ (accessed May 4, 2024).

#History #Histodon #Histodons #Imperialism #Empire #Corporations #BananaRepublics #LatinAmerica #Caribbean @histodon @histodons

#Image attribution: Rosendahl, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Green_bananas_tree.jpg

🇬🇧 🇪🇺 "Our results show that individuals who lacked wealth are less likely to support leaving the EU, explaining why so many Brexit voters were wealthy, in terms of their property wealth."

Green, J. and Pahontu, R.L. (2024) ‘Mind the Gap: Why Wealthy Voters Support Brexit’, British Journal of Political Science, pp. 1–21. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123423000728.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Brexit #Politics #PoliticalScience #GB #GreatBritain #Britain #UK #UnitedKingdom #Europe #Academia #Academic #Academics @politicalscience

#Image attribution: TeroVesalainen, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Union_jack_and_eu_brexit.jpg

"Even though it was hoped that machines might overcome human bias, this assumption often fails due to a problematic or theoretically implausible selection of variables that are fed into the model and because of small size, low representativeness, and presence of bias in the training data [5.]."

Suchotzki, K. and Gamer, M. (2024) 'Detecting deception with artificial intelligence: promises and perils,' Trends in Cognitive Sciences [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2024.04.002.

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Science #Deception #Lies #Bias #ArtificialIntelligence #AI #MachineLearning #Psychology @science @psychology

#Image attribution: Madhav-Malhotra-003, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artificial_Intelligence_Word_Cloud.png

The King's English : Fowler, H. W. (Henry Watson), 1858-1933: https://archive.org/details/kingsenglish00fowliala ~via @internetarchive

#Read #Reading #NonFiction #English #Language #Grammar #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @bookstodon

Does AI Know What an Apple Is? She Aims to Find Out.

"I want to find concepts in the model. I want something that I can grab within the neural network, evidence that there is a thing that represents “apple” internally, that allows it to be consistently referred to by the same word."

https://www.quantamagazine.org/does-ai-know-what-an-apple-is-she-aims-to-find-out-20240425/

#ArtificialIntelligence #ComputerScience #MachineLearning #NeuralNetworks

#Image attribution: Nopple, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nopple_apple.jpg

On the trail of deepfakes, Drexel researchers identify ‘fingerprints’ of AI-generated video

"The lab’s tools use a sophisticated machine learning program called a constrained neural network. This algorithm can learn, in ways similar to the human brain, what is “normal” and what is “unusual” at the sub-pixel level of images and videos, rather than searching for specific predetermined identifiers of manipulation from the outset."

https://scienmag.com/on-the-trail-of-deepfakes-drexel-researchers-identify-fingerprints-of-ai-generated-video/

#News #Deepfake #Video #Science #AI #ArtificialIntelligence #MachineLearning #Analysis #Algorithms #NeuralNetworks #Engineering #Academia #Academic #Academics @science @engineering

#Image attribution: Madhav-Malhotra-003, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artificial_Intelligence_Word_Cloud.png

A leopard never changes his spots.

#Saying #JustSaying #Politics #Leopard #PublicDomain

#Image attribution: Tamar Assaf, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Persian_Leopard_sitting.jpg

Do you keep a record of how many pages you #read in a day?

#Reading #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @bookstodon

#Image attribution: Rijksmuseum, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portret_van_Immanuel_Kant_Emanuel_Kant_(titel_op_object),_RP-P-2015-26-1764.jpg

#GoodMorning #Mastodon, it is time to get back to the #books.

#Read #Reading #Book #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @bookstodon

#Image attribution: Rijksmuseum, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Portret_van_Ren%C3%A9_Descartes,_RP-P-OB-55.341.jpg