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🔴 **“One Certain Standard”: Colonial Currencies and the Politics of Economic Knowledge in Late Stuart Britain**

_“Chronic coin shortages plagued Ireland and Britain's American colonies throughout the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Despite complaints, every proposal to mint money in early modern Britain's overseas Atlantic empire failed, whether in Ireland, the Caribbean, or North America. This article explains why.”_

Caden, M. (2024) ‘“One Certain Standard”: Colonial Currencies and the Politics of Economic Knowledge in Late Stuart Britain’, Journal of British Studies, pp. 1–27. doi: doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2024.119.

@histodon @histodons @earlymodern

🔴 **Unveiling the culinary tradition of ‘focaccia’ in Late Neolithic Mesopotamia by way of the integration of use-wear, phytolith & organic-residue analyses**

_“This is in agreement with experimental data, which indicate that placing a HT in a domed oven, preheated with glowing embers to an initial temperature of 420ºC for two hours, can yield a uniformly baked bread loaf or ‘focaccia’ weighing about 3.5 kg.”_

Taranto, S., Barcons, A.B., Portillo, M. et al. Unveiling the culinary tradition of ‘focaccia’ in Late Neolithic Mesopotamia by way of the integration of use-wear, phytolith & organic-residue analyses. Sci Rep 14, 26805 (2024). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-780

@archaeodons @histodon @histodons

🔴 **Demographic history and genetic variation of the Armenian population**

_“We also investigated the debated question on the genetic origin of Armenians and failed to find any significant support for historical suggestions by Herodotus of their Balkan-related ancestry. We checked the degree of continuity of modern Armenians with ancient inhabitants of the eastern Armenian highlands and detected a genetic input into the region from a source linked to Neolithic Levantine Farmers at some point after the Early Bronze Age.”_

Hovhannisyan et al., Demographic history and genetic variation of the Armenian population, The American Journal of Human Genetics (2025), doi.org/10.1016/j.ajhg.2024.10

@science @anthropology

🔴 **Comparative Hellenistic and Roman Manuscript Studies (CHRoMS): Script Interactions and Hebrew/Aramaic Writing Culture**

_"In this comparative study, I argue that Egyptian and Judean Hebrew/Aramaic scripts from 400 BCE–400 CE were heavily influenced by Greek and later Latin writing cultures, which explains many previously inexplicable phenomena. Jewish writers in the third century BCE adopted the Greek split-nibbed reed pen, which dramatically changed the appearance of Hebrew/Aramaic scripts. At the same time, the normal size for Hebrew/ Aramaic scripts shrank considerably, the pen strokes became mostly monotone and unshaded, and the scripts became more rectilinear, angular, bilinear, and square."_

Longacre, Drew. (2021). Comparative Hellenistic and Roman Manuscript Studies (CHRoMS): Script Interactions and Hebrew/Aramaic Writing Culture (Version Online First). Comparative Oriental Manuscript Studies Bulletin, 7(1), 7–50. doi.org/10.25592/uhhfdm.8897.

Comparative Hellenistic and Roman Manuscript Studies (CHRoMS): Script Interactions and Hebrew/Aramaic Writing Culture

Writing is an expression of culture and is subject to intercultural influences. In this comparative study, I argue that Egyptian and Judean Hebrew/Aramaic scripts from 400 BCE–400 CE were heavily influenced by Greek and later Latin writing cultures, which explains many previously inexplicable phenomena. Jewish writers in the third century BCE adopted the Greek split-nibbed reed pen, which dramatically changed the appearance of Hebrew/Aramaic scripts. At the same time, the normal size for Hebrew/ Aramaic scripts shrank considerably, the pen strokes became mostly monotone and unshaded, and the scripts became more rectilinear, angular, bilinear, and square. Each of these features appears to be due to direct imitation of contemporary Greek formal writing. Beginning in the first century BCE, Hebrew/Aramaic writers began to decorate their formal scripts with separate ornamental strokes like those of contemporary Greek and Latin calligraphic scripts. And from the second or third century CE, Hebrew/Aramaic calligraphic scripts seem to be increasingly characterized by horizontal shading, parallel to the contemporary rise of Greek and Latin shaded scripts. Furthermore, in the late Roman period, the traditional Hieratic-derived Aramaic numeral system was replaced by an alphabetic numeral system under the influence of the Greek Milesian alphabetic numerals.

ZFDM Repository

🔴 **Isaac Newton’s wealth ‘intimately connected’ with slavery, author says**

Hannah Devlin

_"During the scientist’s 30-year tenure at the mint, the book outlines, Newton oversaw an influx of gold mined primarily by enslaved Africans in Brazil. And as master of the mint, he took a small fee for every coin that was minted."_

🔗 theguardian.com/science/2024/n

@histodon @histodons @earlymodern @bookstodon

attribute: Rijksmuseum, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia.

🔴 🎥 **The Art and Science of Light in the Middle Ages**

_"Scientists in the Middle Ages built on the science hypothesized by ancient philosophers via experimentation and observation. They created a solid foundation of the study of optics (vision and light), and even began to explore the neuroscience of light, or how light affects how we feel through brain processes."_

length: nine minutes and forty-five seconds.

🔗 youtu.be/30Cjntu9tIc

@science

🔴 📖 **An Invisible Thread: Heresy, Mass Conversions, and the Inquisition in the Kingdom of Castile (1449-1559)**

_"Forced baptisms of Jews and Muslims had profound effects across Spanish society, leading famous intellectuals as well as ordinary men and women to rethink their sense of belonging to the Christian community and their forms of religiosity. Thus, in this book, early modern Iberia emerges as a laboratory of European-wide transformations."_

Pastore, S. (11 Nov. 2024). An Invisible Thread: Heresy, Mass Conversions, and the Inquisition in the Kingdom of Castile (1449-1559), Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill doi.org/10.1163/9789004714236 [Accessed 23 November 2024].

@medievodons @histodon @histodons @bookstodon (93)

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🔴 Monopoly Menace: The Rise and Fall of Cartel Capitalism in Western Europe, 1918–1957

"I show how governments of all ideological stripes—from liberal Britain to New Deal America, social-democratic Belgium, Third Republic France, Peronist Argentina, fascist Italy and Japan, and Nazi Germany—all began mandating cartelization in hopes that business cooperation on prices and production could cure the Great Depression’s dislocations."

Hewitt, L. (2024) ‘Monopoly Menace: The Rise and Fall of Cartel Capitalism in Western Europe, 1918–1957’, Enterprise & Society, pp. 1–23. doi: doi.org/10.1017/eso.2024.38.

@histodon @histodons

🔴 Hi-tech recreation of Richard III’s voice has a Yorkshire accent

Tom Ambrose and agency

"The result of the recreation is that Richard III’s accent sounds more distinctly from Yorkshire than the English spoken by the likes of Ian McKellen and Laurence Olivier when portraying the monarch in the Shakespeare play."

🔗 theguardian.com/uk-news/2024/n

@histodon @histodons

🔴 🇯🇵 J. R. Seeley And Japan's Pacific Expansion

"Korhonen's essay began with a striking claim:

The first person ever to use the term Pacific Age was the Japanese political economist Inagaki Manjirō. Inagaki studied the history of Great Britain's expansionary policies under the guidance of the British historian John Robert Seeley at Cambridge University during the late 1880s. Seeley had been influenced by the German geographer Carl Ritter. Through Inagaki a certain style of European nineteenth-century visionary rhetoric was introduced into discussions about the Pacific future. That is an interesting point in itself, but even more interesting are the shifts in perspective that resulted from this transference of concepts into a different context."

DUSINBERRE, M. (2021) ‘J. R. SEELEY AND JAPAN’S PACIFIC EXPANSION’, The Historical Journal, 64(1), pp. 70–97. doi: doi.org/10.1017/S0018246X19000.

@histodon @histodons

🔴 🗺️ Franco-American Maps of the Revolution

Posted by: Carissa Pastuch

"This remarkable collection eponymously named the “Jean-Baptiste-Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau, papers, 1777–94,” is comprised of correspondence, histories, papers, and maps that belonged to the commander-in-chief of the French expeditionary army (1780–82) during the American Revolution—French General Rochambeau (1725–1807)."

🔗 blogs.loc.gov/maps/2024/11/fra

@histodon @histodons

Since the fifth century of the common era every imperial hegemon has tried to avoid the fate that befell the Roman Empire.

🔴 No Nazis in Valhalla: Understanding the Use (and Misuse) of Nordic Cultural Markers in Third Reich Era Germany

"Through the appropriation of medieval Old Norse imagery and mythology, as well as the construction of the idea of a pure Nordic race and the spread of propaganda through media by artists like Richard Wagner, the Nazi Party was able to utilize the newfound elevation of Nordic culture to legitimize its own ideas of racial purity and culture."

Nighswander, Lena (2020) "No Nazis in Valhalla: Understanding the Use (and Misuse) of Nordic Cultural Markers in Third Reich Era Germany," International ResearchScape Journal: Vol. 7, Article 6. DOI: doi.org/10.25035/irj.07.01.06

@histodon @histodons @medievodons

No Nazis in Valhalla: Understanding the Use (and Misuse) of Nordic Cultural Markers in Third Reich Era Germany

While medieval concepts are frequently used as a means for the general public to understand emerging global political institutions around the world, they also have immense capability to be purposely misused by political groups due to the generally vague and misguided understanding of these concepts by the masses. At one core of these movements is the legacy of Vikings and the misrepresentation of their history by far-right political groups, especially in mid-20th century Europe, in order to push a fictitious agenda of a prosperous, all-white race of seafaring warriors. Through the appropriation of medieval Old Norse imagery and mythology, as well as the construction of the idea of a pure Nordic race and the spread of propaganda through media by artists like Richard Wagner, the Nazi Party was able to utilize the newfound elevation of Nordic culture to legitimize its own ideas of racial purity and culture.

ScholarWorks@BGSU

🔴 Putting Phoenicia on the Map. From the Greeks to Ernest Renan’s Mission

"This imaginary Phoenicia entered historiography and
cartography as a reality, not only in France but also in the
Ottoman Realm, then the sovereign entity over the Levant.
The toponym was used, anachronistically, for Biblical
maps to refer to the Sidonians and the Tyrians of the Ancient Testament. Already, in the popular Van Dyck-Smith Arabic translation of the Bible, the versions illustrated with maps showed a “Phoenicia” in the time of David and Solomon."

Keilo, J.: Putting Phoenicia on the Map. From the Greeks to Ernest Renan’s Mission, Proc. Int. Cartogr. Assoc., 3, 9, doi.org/10.5194/ica-proc-3-9-2, 2021.

@histodon @histodons

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