Bibliolater 📚 📜 🖋 @bibliolater@qoto.org

"Our research pioneers an innovative methodology for generating synthetic training data tailored to Old Aramaic letters. Our pipeline synthesizes photo-realistic Aramaic letter datasets, incorporating textural features, lighting, damage, and augmentations to mimic real-world inscription diversity. Despite minimal real examples, we engineer a dataset of 250 000 training and 25 000 validation images covering the 22 letter classes in the Aramaic alphabet."

Aioanei AC, Hunziker-Rodewald RR, Klein KM, Michels DL (2024) Deep Aramaic: Towards a synthetic data paradigm enabling machine learning in epigraphy. PLOS ONE 19(4): e0299297. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299297 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #PeerReview #DOI #MachineLearning #NeuralNetworks #Algorithms #Linguistics #Aramaic #Epigraphy #AI #ArtificalIntelligence #Academia #Academic #Academics @linguistics

First evidence for human occupation of a lava tube in Arabia: The archaeology of Umm Jirsan Cave and its surroundings, northern Saudi Arabia

"The lava tube does not appear to have served as a permanent habitation location, but rather as a site that likely lay on herding routes and that allowed access to shade and water for passing herders and their animals. Prior to this, as well as during pastoral periods, the lava tube was likely also linked with hunting activities, which probably remained a cornerstone of local economies into the Bronze Age."

Stewart M, Andrieux E, Blinkhorn J, Guagnin M, Fernandes R, et al. (2024) First evidence for human occupation of a lava tube in Arabia: The archaeology of Umm Jirsan Cave and its surroundings, northern Saudi Arabia. PLOS ONE 19(4): e0299292. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299292

#OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #PeerReview #Archaeology #Academia #Academic #Paleoanthropology #Neolithic #Anthropology #Archaeodons #Academics #SaudiArabia #MiddleEast @archaeodons @anthropology

"Under a middle-of-the road scenario of future income development (SSP2, in which SSP stands for Shared Socio-economic Pathway), this corresponds to global annual damages in 2049 of 38 trillion in 2005 international dollars (likely range of 19–59 trillion 2005 international dollars)."

Kotz, M., Levermann, A. & Wenz, L. The economic commitment of climate change. Nature 628, 551–557 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07219-0 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Economics #Environment #Climate #ClimateChange #Academia #Academic #Academics @economics @climatechange

"Our analysis of 49 coins from the North Sea zone indicates that Byzantine silver plate was the source of silver for the initial minting of the first post-Roman silver coins in England, Frisia and parts of Francia. From c. AD 750, freshly mined silver from Melle, Aquitaine, was introduced to this North Sea zone, becoming the dominant source following the coinage reforms of AD 793."

Kershaw, J. et al. (2024) ‘Byzantine plate and Frankish mines: the provenance of silver in north-west European coinage during the Long Eighth Century (c. 660–820)’, Antiquity, 98(398), pp. 502–517. doi: https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2024.33. #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Europe #MiddleAges #Byzantine #Analysis #Coinage #Archaeology #History #Histodon #Histodons #Archaeodons #Academia #Academic #Academics @archaeodons @histodon @histodons

"This essay will read Hegel's comments on the Orient in light of his larger philosophy and then examine how Japanese scholars, specifically Okakura Tenshin (1863–1913) construct what could be called a Hegel-inspired defense of the concept of Asia or the Orient."

Murthy, V. (2024) ‘Rescuing Hegel from Eurocentrism: Oriental Reconstructions of Hegel’s Orient’, Hegel Bulletin, pp. 1–28. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/hgl.2024.13. #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #Essay #DOI #Philosophy #Hegel #Orient #Asia @philosophy

#Image attribution: Jakob Schlesinger, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Jakob_Schlesinger_-_Hegel_1831.jpg

"Drawing on a national survey (N = 1,003), we found that U.S. adults evaluated fact-checking labels created by professional fact checkers as more effective than labels by algorithms and other users. News media labels were perceived as more effective than user labels but not statistically different from labels by fact checkers and algorithms."

Jia, C. & Lee, T. (2024). Journalistic interventions matter: Understanding how Americans perceive fact-checking labels. Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-138 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #SocialMedia #Facts #Misinformation #FactChecking #Journalism #Algorithms

"Rereading the sources surveyed by Green and Fancy, we have found no evidence in the various texts that would tie the various epidemics/pandemics in Iraq, Syria, and Egypt to plague, supposedly brought unintentionally by the advancing Mongol army that besieged Baghdad in early 1258."

Brack, J., Biran, M. and Amitai, R. (2024) ‘Plague and the Mongol conquest of Baghdad (1258)? A reevaluation of the sources’, Medical History, pp. 1–19. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2023.38. #OpenAccess #OA #Article #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #Medicine #BlackDeath #Plague #Epidemic #Pandemic #Mongols #Ilkhanate #Baghdad #MiddleEast #Historiography #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons

"Why is it that SDO and RWA are bound together at the genetic level not only with policy attitudes, but also with two of the most relevant Big Five personality traits, agreeableness and openness to experience? We conjecture that the underlying reason for these patterns of results may be that the human selective context of resource competition likely affected fundamental personality variation (especially trait Openness), but also independent traits designed to deal with problems of hierarchy-navigation (RWA/SDO), and their downstream political correlates."

Kleppesto, T. H., Czajkowski, N. O., Sheehy-Skeffington, J., Vassend, O., Roysamb, E., Eftedal, N. H., Kunst, J. R., Ystrom, E., & Thomsen, L. (2024). The genetic underpinnings of right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation explain political attitudes beyond Big Five personality. Journal of Personality, 00, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/jopy.12921 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #RightWing #Authoritarianism #Behavior #Genetics #Personality #Psychology #PoliticalScience #Academia #Academic #Academics @psychology @politicalscience

"Our overarching finding is that except for very high northern latitudes, ESMs project ongoing and future extreme temperature acceleration beyond background warming levels during the hottest months."

Huntingford, C., Cox, P.M., Ritchie, P.D.L. et al. Acceleration of daily land temperature extremes and correlations with surface energy fluxes. npj Clim Atmos Sci 7, 84 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41612-024-00626-0 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Climate #Environment #Science #Academia #Academic #Academics @climatechange @science

"The modus operandi of men like Hawkins was to sail to Guinea, acquire a cargo of enslaved people, by force and/or barter, and ship them to the Spanish Caribbean and Mexico.91 Here, Hawkins would claim inclement weather had forced him to the area (a tactic used by many illicit traders), offer platitudes to local officials and sometimes promise to help clear out foreign pirates from the area.92 In return, he asked the Spanish to purchase his enslaved people. If that failed, he became aggressive, after which the local elites, often under-manned and in relatively lightly defended settlements, would agree to purchase his human cargo."

Gary Paul Baker, Craig Lambert, ‘William Fowler’, Sir William Garrard, Sir John Hawkins and the Sixteenth-Century Atlantic Slave Trade, The English Historical Review, 2024;, cead213, https://doi.org/10.1093/ehr/cead213 #OpenAccess #OA #Article #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #England #Spain #Atlantic #Slavery #SirJohnHawkins #Europe #Africa #C16th #16thCentury #EarlyModern #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons @earlymodern

"The article asks whether people on the right of the ideological spectrum appraise the past, present, and future differently from people on the left. The data show that this is so in the case of the past: In all countries examined, right- compared to left-wing supporters evaluated the past as being more positive. In the United States and Poland, and possibly also in the United Kingdom (although in the latter country the results of the regression analysis are not confirmed by the Pearson correlation), an effect emerges also when considering the good-prospect future scenario: This was evaluated more positively on the left."

Rigoli, F. (2024). Ideology shapes evaluation of history within the general population. Political Psychology, 00, 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12971 #OpenAccess #OA #Article #Politics #Psychology #RightWing #LeftWing #History #Future #ideology #FrancescoRigoli #Academia #Academic #Academics @psychology

"Modern imperialism is embodied by industrial capitalism, which prioritizes resource extraction and maximizing profit. This paradigm is deeply embedded in the fabric of global affairs, influencing international trade, political dynamics, and the economic frameworks of nations".

Charles Fletcher, William J Ripple, Thomas Newsome, Phoebe Barnard, Kamanamaikalani Beamer, Aishwarya Behl, Jay Bowen, Michael Cooney, Eileen Crist, Christopher Field, Krista Hiser, David M Karl, David A King, Michael E Mann, Davianna P McGregor, Camilo Mora, Naomi Oreskes, Michael Wilson, Earth at risk: An urgent call to end the age of destruction and forge a just and sustainable future, PNAS Nexus, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2024, pgae106, https://doi.org/10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae106 #OpenAccess #OA #Article #DOI #Environment #Economics #Climate #ClimateChange #Biodiversity #Inequality #Sustainability #PoliticalScience @economics @climatechange @politicalscience

"It is about the Land according to the redefined Judaism that emerged in the centuries following the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple in 70 CE. This Judaism replaced the temple cult with Torah study - a study that pertained in part to that very temple cult, that became a portable homeland, and that reconfigured the Land."

Cordoni, C. (01 Mar. 2024). Reconfiguring the Land of Israel, Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. Available From: Brill https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004696761 [Accessed 02 April 2024]. #OpenAccess #OA #Brill #History #Histodon #Histodons #Judaism #Israel #Read #Reading #Academia #Academic #Academics #NonFiction #Book #Books #Ebook #Ebooks #Bookstodon @histodon @histodons @bookstodon (78)

"We propose that early humans knew that elephants consistently walked along the same paths to waterholes and used this information to hunt/ambush elephants along these paths. In the course of hunting/ambushing elephants, humans repeatedly utilized specific quarry sites along the trails in preparation for butchering the large game."

Finkel, M., Barkai, R. Quarries as Places of Significance in the Lower Paleolithic Holy Triad of Elephants, Water, and Stone. Arch (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11759-024-09491-y #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Archaeology #Archaeodons #Elephants #LowerPaleolithic #Paleolithic #HomoErectus #Academia #Academic #Academics @archaeodons

"In this paper we examine multiple discrete emotions people experience in reaction to climate change, and assess the strength of these emotions as predictors of support for different types of mitigation and adaptation policies."

Myers TA, Roser-Renouf C, Leiserowitz A, Maibach E (2024) Emotional signatures of climate policy support. PLOS Climate 3(3): e0000381. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pclm.0000381 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #PeerReview #DOI #Emotions #Climate #ClimateChange #Science #Politics #Policy #Academia #Academic #Academics @climatechange

"Can you be authentic if you lie about what you value, believe, or feel? This brief article explores this question and the unique stances on honesty that different notions of authenticity take."

Leuenberger, M. (2024) ‘The Authentic Liar’, Think, 23(67), pp. 27–30. doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1477175623000465 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #Ethics #Philosophy #Academia #Academic #Academics @philosophy

"In this paper, I examine if and how Aristotle’s philosophy of geometry can account for the geometers’ practices and way of talking."

Chiara Martini, Geometrical Changes: Change and Motion in Aristotle’s Philosophy of Geometry, Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, Volume 123, Issue 3, October 2023, Pages 385–394, https://doi.org/10.1093/arisoc/aoad018 #OpenAccess #OA #Article #DOI #ChiaraMartini #Aristotle #Philosophy #Geometry #Maths #Math #Mathematics #STEM #Academia #Academic #Academics @philosophy

#Image attribution: Enea Vico, CC0, via Wikimedia Commons. Page URL: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Speculum_Romanae_Magnificentiae-_Aristotle_MET_DP870290.jpg

"Here we combine genetic evidence and palaeoecological models to infer the geographic location that acted as the Hub for our species during the early phases of colonisation of Eurasia."

Vallini, L., Zampieri, C., Shoaee, M.J. et al. The Persian plateau served as hub for Homo sapiens after the main out of Africa dispersal. Nat Commun 15, 1882 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-46161-7 #OpenAccess #OA #Article #Research #DOI #Science #Archaeology #Archaeodons #Biology #Anthropology #BiologicalAnthropology #Genetics #Population #EvolutionaryGenetics #Palaeoclimate #Ancient #DNA #PopulationGenetics #Eurasia #Academia #Academic #Academics @archaeodons @anthropology @biology @science

🇺🇸 🇬🇧 🇫🇷 "Leading up to the War of American Independence, a debate began in the Dutch Republic on how neutrality could be advantageously defined to promote commerce without becoming involved in wars of ‘entangling alliances'. The actors in this debate would produce arguments that were later adopted by members of George Washington’s cabinet."

Ariane Viktoria Fichtl (2024) Idea(s) of Dutch Neutrality in the American Debate on Neutral Rights (1793–1807), Global Intellectual History, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/23801883.2024.2326131 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #Article #DOI #History #Histodon #Histodons #USA #US #UnitedStates #America #GB #Britain #UK #UnitedKingdom #France #Europe #Trade #C18th #18thCentury #C19th #19thCentury #Rights #Academia #Academic #Academics @histodon @histodons

"We compare per capita ratios with an approach based on regression, a widely used statistical procedure that eliminates many of the problems with ratios and allows for straightforward data interpretation."

Kratochvíl Lukáš and Havlíček Jan. 2024 The fallacy of global comparisons based on per capita measures. R. Soc. Open Sci.11: 230832. 230832. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.230832 #OpenAccess #OA #Research #DOI #Science #Health #Disease #Epidemiology #Environment #Statistics #Data @science